Ricardo Lugo

The state can end that quickly.

And that seemed very solid at the time, and now it's extremely fragile.

And maybe we're discovering the cold water with this, in the sense that we've talked about this in other works, and I think many of us are aware that that's the way it is.

There will be different opinions, but Stefan Zweig chose a very particular way of showing it.

Third, I told you during the episode that...

This idea of the nations was new at the time that Stefan Zweig wrote this work.

Many of these European nations are formalized in the 20th century, at the end of the 19th century.

Of course, people already felt part of that tribe, Germans, Russians, Italians.

But the modern idea of ​​nationality as something fixed, legal, monitored by the state, was still in the process of consolidation.

You can go back to the episode of nationalism.

to have more details, but many people like Mendel continued to live outside of that logic, especially that logic of a nation that exists regardless of who governs the nation and regardless of who lives in that nation.

For example, I believe that Venezuela exists, I believe, because I cannot tangibly prove it, but I believe that Venezuela exists.

Independientemente de que esté ahí Chávez, Maduro, Deci, Rodríguez, quien sea que esté ahí presente, yo creo que Venezuela existe.

Si el gobierno es ilegal es otra cosa, pero Venezuela existe.

Y si mañana en Venezuela todo el mundo tiene apellidos en japonés, Venezuela sigue existiendo.

Entonces ese aspecto del Estado-Nación desde el punto de vista administrativo,

Donde naces, tienes un país, tienes documentos, perteneces.

Es bastante moderno para la época.

Y en la Europa del siglo XIX, principio del siglo XX, esa realidad, esa identidad era mucho más difusa.

Por ejemplo, Mendel dice que él es de Galicia.