Tal Zaks

and the reimbursement, what they can actually prescribe as a function of what the healthcare system will tell them. And by the way, they're all employees of the healthcare system to begin with. So all of the agency has been taken out. The time that they're able to spend with people has been trimmed and trimmed and trimmed.

and the reimbursement, what they can actually prescribe as a function of what the healthcare system will tell them. And by the way, they're all employees of the healthcare system to begin with. So all of the agency has been taken out. The time that they're able to spend with people has been trimmed and trimmed and trimmed.

And so the role of what it is to be an internal medicine doctor has changed. I think that with the system of knowledge that AI is gearing up to be, it will continue to evolve. And the role of the physician will change into being the translator for people of some of this wisdom, as opposed to the person who is entrusted with having all that wisdom in their head.

And so the role of what it is to be an internal medicine doctor has changed. I think that with the system of knowledge that AI is gearing up to be, it will continue to evolve. And the role of the physician will change into being the translator for people of some of this wisdom, as opposed to the person who is entrusted with having all that wisdom in their head.

I think in the 20 to 30-year horizon, they will experience healthcare very different than we are experiencing healthcare. I think what it means to go into the hospital, what it means to sit with a physician, what it means to get diagnosed and treated will be different. I think it will have more interventions far earlier.

I think in the 20 to 30-year horizon, they will experience healthcare very different than we are experiencing healthcare. I think what it means to go into the hospital, what it means to sit with a physician, what it means to get diagnosed and treated will be different. I think it will have more interventions far earlier.

I hope that there will be an emphasis on maintaining health and promoting health as opposed to treating illness. Illness is always going to be with us, and we will need to evolve our tools of treating with it. But yes, I do believe it's going to be different.

I hope that there will be an emphasis on maintaining health and promoting health as opposed to treating illness. Illness is always going to be with us, and we will need to evolve our tools of treating with it. But yes, I do believe it's going to be different.

Now, that being said, we are also living in a time where, and this is what makes my unique job so fascinating, technology today can do more than our ecosystem has figured out how to integrate. And I say this both as an investor and a consumer. There are programs that can scan a pathology slide and give you a more accurate reading than a pathologist, hands down, they're FDA approved.

Now, that being said, we are also living in a time where, and this is what makes my unique job so fascinating, technology today can do more than our ecosystem has figured out how to integrate. And I say this both as an investor and a consumer. There are programs that can scan a pathology slide and give you a more accurate reading than a pathologist, hands down, they're FDA approved.

But the problem is that less than one slides of any tissue microsection ever gets read by a computer. We still have microscopes and people looking down the microscope. Who's going to pay for changing all those microscopes to be digital? And who's going to get a return on that investment?

But the problem is that less than one slides of any tissue microsection ever gets read by a computer. We still have microscopes and people looking down the microscope. Who's going to pay for changing all those microscopes to be digital? And who's going to get a return on that investment?

So you can see everywhere you look, bottlenecks in the ecosystem of applying a technology that's already here today and continues to improve. And it's also true of drug development. And one of the examples I gave at that National Academy and I think is true and is a warning sign for me, is the failure to develop antibiotics.

So you can see everywhere you look, bottlenecks in the ecosystem of applying a technology that's already here today and continues to improve. And it's also true of drug development. And one of the examples I gave at that National Academy and I think is true and is a warning sign for me, is the failure to develop antibiotics.

So back in my dad's era, he benefited from drugs that are today generics, but when he went into the hospital with an infection, doctors had an antibiotic off the shelf that worked against the bugs in the hospital. We don't have those today. This is a growing problem. The likelihood of dying from significant infections continues to go up.

So back in my dad's era, he benefited from drugs that are today generics, but when he went into the hospital with an infection, doctors had an antibiotic off the shelf that worked against the bugs in the hospital. We don't have those today. This is a growing problem. The likelihood of dying from significant infections continues to go up.

And it's not a lack of scientific tools to understand bacteria and how to make better drugs. They're just a complete lack of commercial incentive to do so. I've got colleagues, I'm working on some rare diseases, and I've got colleagues who ask me, oh, you know, what do you think? Because pharma's pulled back a little bit from rare diseases. That can be a challenge.

And it's not a lack of scientific tools to understand bacteria and how to make better drugs. They're just a complete lack of commercial incentive to do so. I've got colleagues, I'm working on some rare diseases, and I've got colleagues who ask me, oh, you know, what do you think? Because pharma's pulled back a little bit from rare diseases. That can be a challenge.

And I use this example to say that it's not a given. that the economic incentives will always be there.

And I use this example to say that it's not a given. that the economic incentives will always be there.