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糖是我们生活中不可或缺的营养元素之一，而糖发展的历史也几乎书写了一部人类社会的发展史。 在采集狩猎时代，人们不断找寻植物和自然界中的含糖食物； 在农耕时代，人们较早开始种植了人类最重要的碳水化合物来源小麦； 在奴隶贸易时代，甘蔗种植又是其中最重要的一环； 在工业时代，糖和与糖相关的食品企业，成为了资本的宠儿； 而今，人们又因为肥胖率高企，抗拒糖，研究一个个更适合当下人健康的“甜味剂”。基于糖，我们这一期大概聊了： 人为什么喜欢“糖”或“甜” 为什么婴儿天生就有吃到甜的吞咽，吃到苦味吐出的本能 人喜欢吃甜食的基因是如何被固定下来的 为什么在失落的时候吃些甜食会变得开心 人类与糖交错的历史进程 甜味剂/代糖的分类 阿斯巴甜和赤藓糖醇频繁上热搜，到底哪个更健康？ 每年都有几篇有关代糖的研究上顶刊，背后有哪些原因？ 浅论企业学术传播的价值 长期使用代糖有哪些危害？ 新闻里的代糖有致癌风险是什么意思？ 代糖真能减肥吗，大样本研究让人大跌眼镜 代糖可能对糖尿病患者不友好，是真的吗？ 代糖不升糖的研究背后有没有猫腻？ 代糖可能对心脏健康有危害？详细聊聊这个顶刊研究 我们应该如何看待这些代糖的风险提示，以及如何与糖相处#song listCello Suite No. 1 in G Major, BWV 1007:I. Prélude - Janos StarkerHeartburn - Marco SfogliLove From Me - Johnson RodgieMark Masri - Santa Lucia————————————本期节目由Tezo陪伴播出！也跟大家分享，Tezo新升级的鸢X上线啦！Tezo鸢X支持专属app联动，多种降噪、调音模式任你选择，让你在通勤路上听得清、听得好、听得久。购买Tezo「鸢」或「鸢X」之前，记得报【万物生长】暗号给客服，即立－20元，还可以获赠价值￥109 元的随身收纳包哩！下单链接：m.tb.cn本期节目，Tezo和我们一起为听友准备了两台Tezo鸢X耳机作为奖品，欢迎大家关注我们并在小宇宙评论区留言，我们将在关注万物生长FM且在本期留言的听友中抽出两位听友，分别送上Tezo鸢X耳机一台，留言可以分享你食用糖/代糖的各种经历也可以分享你对各类耳机的使用感受，或者其他任何想跟我们说的话！（注：我们届时会在所有评论中随机抽出两位，大家如果有好用的抽奖工具可以分享给我们哈）听友群加VX：hooley777商务合作：[email protected]——————————参考文献： Mishra, A., Ahmed, K., Froghi, S., & Dasgupta, P. (2015). Systematic review of the relationship between artificial sweetener consumption and cancer in humans: analysis of 599,741 participants. International journal of clinical practice, 69(12), 1418–1426. Wang, Q.-P., Lin, Y. Q., Zhang, L., Wilson, Y. A., Oyston, L. J., Cotterell, J., Qi, Y., Khuong, T. M., Bakhshi, N., Planchenault, Y., Browman, D. T., Lau, M. T., Cole, T. A., Wong, A. C. N., Simpson, S. J., Cole, A. R., Penninger, J. M., Herzog, H., & Neely, G. G. (2016). Sucralose promotes food intake through NPY and a neuronal fasting response.Cell Metabolism,24(1), 75–90. Ruanpeng D, Thongprayoon C, Cheungpasitporn W, Harindhanavudhi T. Sugar and artificially sweetened beverages linked to obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. QJM. 2017 Aug 1;110(8):513-520. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcx068. PMID: 28402535. Romo-Romo A, Aguilar-Salinas CA, Brito-Córdova GX, Gómez-Díaz RA, Almeda-Valdes P. Sucralose decreases insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Sep 1;108(3):485-491. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy152. PMID: 30535090. Imamura F, O'Connor L, Ye Z, Mursu J, Hayashino Y, Bhupathiraju SN, Forouhi NG. Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction. BMJ. 2015 Jul 21;351:h3576. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h3576. PMID: 26199070; PMCID: PMC4510779. Mullee A, Romaguera D, Pearson-Stuttard J, Viallon V, Stepien M, Freisling H, Fagherazzi G, Mancini FR, Boutron-Ruault MC, Kühn T, Kaaks R, Boeing H, Aleksandrova K, Tjønneland A, Halkjær J, Overvad K, Weiderpass E, Skeie G, Parr CL, Quirós JR, Agudo A, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Cirera L, Ardanaz E, Khaw KT, Tong TYN, Schmidt JA, Trichopoulou A, Martimianaki G, Karakatsani A, Palli D, Agnoli C, Tumino R, Sacerdote C, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Verschuren WMM, Boer JMA, Vermeulen R, Ramne S, Sonestedt E, van Guelpen B, Holgersson PL, Tsilidis KK, Heath AK, Muller D, Riboli E, Gunter MJ, Murphy N. Association Between Soft Drink Consumption and Mortality in 10 European Countries. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Nov 1;179(11):1479-1490. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2478. Erratum in: JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Nov 1;179(11):1607. PMID: 31479109; PMCID: PMC6724165. Witkowski, M., Nemet, I., Alamri, H. et al. The artificial sweetener erythritol and cardiovascular event risk. Nat Med 29, 710–718 (2023). Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Kamensky V, Manson JE, Silver B, Rapp SR, Haring B, Beresford SAA, Snetselaar L, Wassertheil-Smoller S. Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Stroke, Coronary Heart Disease, and All-Cause Mortality in the Women's Health Initiative. Stroke. 2019 Mar;50(3):555-562. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023100. Erratum in: Stroke. 2019 Jun;50(6):e176. PMID: 30802187; PMCID: PMC6538252. Malik VS, Li Y, Pan A, De Koning L, Schernhammer E, Willett WC, Hu FB. Long-Term Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Mortality in US Adults. Circulation. 2019 Apr 30;139(18):2113-2125. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037401. PMID: 30882235; PMCID: PMC6488380. 《糖史》，季羡林，江西教育出版社； Rippe JM, Angelopoulos TJ. Relationship between Added Sugars Consumption and Chronic Disease Risk Factors: Current Understanding. Nutrients. 2016; 8(11):697. doi.org O’Connell, James F., Kristen Hawkes. Food Choice and Foraging Sites among the Alyawara. Journal of Anthropological Research 40, no. 4 (1984): 504–35. DARWIN, C. Origin of Certain Instincts . Nature 7, 417–418 (1873). doi.org Wiss, David A., Nicole Avena, and Pedro Rada. Sugar addiction: from evolution to revolution. Frontiers in psychiatry 9 (2018): 545. doi.org