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A Thousand Chinese Tang Poems 唐诗千首朗读

091 王昌龄【出塞二首(其一)】秦时明月汉时关

07 May 2021

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秦时明月汉时关,万里长征人未还。但使龙城[1]飞将在,不教胡马度阴山[2]。〔注〕[1]龙城:或解释为匈奴祭天之处,其故地在今蒙古人民共和国鄂尔浑河西侧的和硕柴达木湖附近;或解释为卢龙城,在今河北省喜峰口附近一带,为汉代右北平郡所在地。《史记·李将军传》说:“广居右北平,匈奴闻之,号曰汉之飞将军,避之数岁,不敢入右北平。”后一解较合理。[2]阴山:在今内蒙古自治区中部。这是一首名作,明代诗人李攀龙曾经推奖它是唐人七绝的压卷之作。清沈德潜《说诗晬语》说:“‘秦时明月’一章,前人推奖之而未言其妙,盖言师劳力竭,而功不成,由将非其人之故;得飞将军备边,边烽自熄,即高常侍《燕歌行》归重‘至今人说李将军’也。防边筑城,起于秦汉,明月属秦,关属汉,诗中互文。”

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