You 2.0: The Path to Contentment

episode

Previously titled “You 2.0: The Path to Contentment + Your Questions Answered on Conversations” — renamed by the publisher on Aug 3, 2026

Hidden Brain 1h 31m 10 speakers transcribed
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Shankar Vedantam 0:00
This is Hidden Brain. I'm Shankar Vedanta. In the summer of 1776, 33-year-old Thomas Jefferson drafted one of the most important documents in the history of the United States. The Declaration of Independence laid out a vision for a new country and said all men had God-given rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. 86 changes to the draft were made by John Adams, Ben Franklin, and others. Like many writers, Thomas Jefferson is said to have been unhappy with the changes his editors recommended. But the line about how we are all entitled to the pursuit of happiness endured. In recent years, many elements of the Declaration of Independence have come under scrutiny, including its omission of women, the poor, and enslaved people.
Shankar Vedantam 0:56
We've examined some of these ideas in an earlier episode that looked at Thomas Jefferson's complicated life story. Today on the show, we continue our U2.0 series with a favorite episode that explores Jefferson's psychological claim about what makes for a good life. What happens in our minds when we pursue happiness this week on Hidden Brain.
Shankar Vedantam 1:32
When you ask people what they want in life, nearly everyone will tell you they want to be happy. After all, that's the point of finding a great job, starting a family, or going on wonderful vacations. At the University of California, Berkeley, psychologist Iris Moss studies a paradox associated with our pursuit of happiness. Iris Moss, welcome to Hidden Brain.
Iris Mauss 1:57
Thank you so much for having me.
Shankar Vedantam 2:00
Iris, about a decade ago, you achieved a major milestone in the life of a scholar. You got tenure at a great university. How long had you dreamed of becoming a professor at a school like UC Berkeley?
Iris Mauss 2:14
I think forever. So this was a really big deal for me. I'd been working toward this for a long time and had been really looking forward to that moment, hoping I would get tenure. Getting tenure is a big deal, of course. I would get to be with the most lovely colleagues I could imagine and doing what I love in a beautiful area.
Shankar Vedantam 2:40
Now, whenever I visit UC Berkeley, I'm struck by how beautiful it is. I mean, Berkeley really is absolutely gorgeous. So mission accomplished, Iris?
Iris Mauss 2:49
Well, not quite. It wasn't quite the way that I had imagined. It's sort of like the saying, wherever you go, there you are. So I was still the same person somehow. And worries and stressful things still happened. Although at first, at least in the sort of year after getting tenure, those sort of small worries hit me almost more than before because they had this element of, wait a minute, shouldn't I be happy all the time? Is there something wrong with me that I have tenure now and yet I still have worries in my life?
Shankar Vedantam 3:39
I understand you had a similar experience more recently, Iris, when you took a trip to the Italian island of Sardinia. What was your state of anticipation before the trip?
Iris Mauss 3:50
This was the first trip I took in a really long time. And I was gonna get together with my very oldest childhood friend. She lives in Germany. I hadn't seen her in two years. And we had this trip planned. I thought, this is just gonna be amazing. I'm gonna be relaxing. I'm gonna be happy. I visualized it almost like one of those Tuscan Italian movies. You know, we would be on the beach, we would be drinking wine, eating delicious food. We would go boating around the little island and just floating happily in those beautiful turquoise waters. So I had every expectation and so much anticipation that it would be just the perfect 10 days.
Shankar Vedantam 4:47
So what happened, Iris?
Iris Mauss 4:55
Well, we had a lovely time, but little thoughts or moments snuck in where I would be thinking about work or I would worry about something going on at home. So these little thoughts started to appear and I would think, wait a minute, this isn't right. This isn't supposed to be here, this thought. What's going on? Have I lost the ability to relax? Is there something wrong with me? Is there something wrong with the vacation? Why am I not happy every moment of every day?
Shankar Vedantam 5:38
So you're on this trip with your childhood friend and her partner.

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