In part on of this series, Dr. Andy Southerland and Dr. Seemant Chaturvedi discuss two trials highlighted at the 2026 International Stroke Conference. Show citation: Read more about the CHOICE-2 trial. Show transcript: Dr. Andy Southerland: Hello everyone. This is Andy Southerland. And for this week's Neurology Minute, I have just been speaking once again with my colleague, Seemant Chaturvedi, about his impressions from this year's 2026 American Heart Association, American Stroke Association International Stroke Conference. We've discussed a number of the very exciting pivotal trials presented at this year's meeting that occurred just a couple of weeks ago. But for the minute today, we want to just highlight two that were represented as late breaking trials in the world of acute stroke treatment. And the first was OPTION, which was a trial looking at extended window thrombolysis patients between four and a half and 24 hours. And the second was in the use of thrombolysis as an adjunct local treatment in patients receiving thrombectomy. So Seemant, to the best of your ability in our brief snippet today, what were the main highlights from these studies? Dr. Seemant Chaturvedi: In the OPTION trial, 570 patients were enrolled from China, and these were patients in the four and a half to 24 hour window with no evidence of large vessel occlusion. And they had a mismatch present at baseline imaging, median NIH score was seven. And when the tenecteplase was administered in this select group of patients, there was improvement in the excellent outcome of about 44% with tenecteplase and 34% with placebo. And there was a slight increase in hemorrhage of about 3%, but no increase in mortality. The second trial, CHOICE-2, also looked at thrombolysis, but it looked at local intraarterial thrombolysis following thrombectomy. And they enrolled patients with a median NIH score of 15 and the patients were enrolled from Spain and they gave a local TPA versus placebo following successful thrombectomy. And they also reported improved outcomes with about 57.5 having an excellent outcome with intraarterial TPA compared to 43% with placebo. There was slightly increased mortality in the TPA group, but this didn't seem to be explained by intracerebral hemorrhage. And so I think both of these were very intriguing and they add some complexity to acute stroke treatment. And so primary stroke centers and comprehensive stroke centers need to discuss the results with their teams and see if they want to embrace these treatment options. Dr. Andy Southerland: Fantastic, Seemant. So bottom line is thrombolysis is much more than it used to be in that very narrow time window and that very narrow indication. There are now patients who may benefit in that extended time window, and it's also being shown to have benefit in cases in which we get incomplete reperfusion with our traditional mechanical thrombectomy. So take that and run with it. Hopefully we can apply it to our stroke systems of care and help patients. Thank you again, Seemant for being with us on today's Neurology Minute. Seek out the full interview and also the primary publications as well.

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