Chapter 1: What surprising benefits does calling your mom have?
Today on Something You Should Know, why the next time you're stressed out, you might want to call your mom. Then, it feels terrible to feel guilty, but there are some real benefits to it.
And the point about guilt is that it serves to manage our relationships and help to heal our relationships when they've been damaged. And really, guilt is the emotion that motivates us to do something about healing our relationships when we've done something to harm them.
Also, which has more caffeine, light roast or dark roast coffee? And plagiarism. It's a complicated and fascinating topic.
There are people who claim that plagiarists want to get caught. That's like kleptomania.
Chapter 2: Why is feeling guilty sometimes a good thing?
There's a certain kind of compulsion for taking the work of others. I'm not really convinced by that argument, but at the same time, I don't really have a better explanation.
All this today on Something You Should Know.
Ah, the Regency era. You might know it as the time when Bridgerton takes place, or as the time when Jane Austen wrote her books. The Regency era was also an explosive time of social change, sex scandals, and maybe the worst king in British history. Vulgar History's new season is all about the Regency era, the balls, the gowns, and all the scandal.
Listen to Vulgar History, Regency era, wherever you get podcasts. Something you should know. Fascinating intel.
Chapter 3: How does guilt help in managing relationships?
The world's top experts. And practical advice you can use in your life. Today, Something You Should Know with Mike Carruthers.
Have you called your mother lately? I'm about to explain why you probably should as we begin this episode of Something You Should Know. Hi, I'm Mike Carruthers. Research suggests that hearing your mother's voice can be a powerful stress reliever. This is especially true for children and seems to be true for adults as well.
In a well-known study, researchers found that after a stressful experience, children who heard their mother's voice, even just over the phone, showed lower stress levels and a rise in oxytocin, the hormone that's associated with bonding and comfort. In fact, hearing mom's voice had a similar calming effect on the brain as receiving a physical hug.
Oxytocin is released during childbirth and early caregiving, and it plays a key role in forming the deep emotional bond between parent and child, a bond that often lasts a lifetime. While the strongest evidence comes from studies on children, scientists believe familiar, trusted voices continue to have a calming effect well into adulthood.
Chapter 4: What is the role of guilt in healing damaged relationships?
So if you happen to have a voicemail from your mom saved on your phone, you might want to keep it. It could be a small, portable dose of comfort ready whenever you need it. And that is something you should know. Have you ever felt guilty? I'm sure you have.
Chapter 5: What makes plagiarism a complicated issue?
All of us have. Guilt is one of the most powerful and uncomfortable emotions we experience. Guilt can sit in the back of your mind and just gnaw at you. It can keep you up at night. It's an emotion most of us would do just about anything to avoid. But guilt exists for a reason. So why do we feel it? Where did it come from?
And when guilt becomes overwhelming, how do you live with it without letting it eat you up inside? That's something my guest knows a lot about. Chris Moore holds a Ph.D. in developmental psychology, and his work has been cited in Psychology Today, Today's Parent, and the New York Times. He's the author of a book called The Power of Guilt, Why We Feel It and Its Surprising Ability to Heal.
Hi, Christopher. Welcome to Something You Should Know. Pleasure to be here, Mike. So guilt is something everybody's experienced. Everybody knows what it is. Everybody knows how horrible it feels. But what is it from your perspective? How do you define what guilt is?
So I define guilt as obviously an emotion, actually a complex of emotions, but I define it as a good thing. And the point about guilt is that it serves to manage our relationships and help to heal our relationships when they've been damaged. And really guilt is the emotion that motivates us to do something about healing our relationships when we've done something to harm them.
Well, based on what you've said so far, the purpose of guilt, the reason we have it, is to manage relationships. And we do that because if we screw up our relationships and feel guilty, we want to fix that. And that feeling feels so horrible that then we want to avoid feeling that again in the future.
You know, humans are the most social of all species, right? We live continually in a highly, highly complex social world, and our relationships are an extremely important aspect of our worlds. And the problem is that if we, We continually do things all the time to greater or lesser extent that's going to hurt our relationships, right? Sometimes we act selfishly and so on.
And so we need to have a way of healing the relationships when they become damaged. And so really that is what guilt does. It motivates us to heal those relationships and keep those relationships strong.
I would imagine that most people think of guilt as not a real positive emotion. It doesn't feel good when you feel guilty, but yet it is very useful to have it, because imagine if we didn't have it. If we didn't feel guilty, then we would do whatever we want, I guess. Exactly.
And there are people like that, of course. So one of the characteristics of psychopaths is that they don't feel any guilt. They don't feel remorse for things that they do. And of course, the relationships the psychopaths have are severely disrupted. And so you're right. The guilt is a very it's a functional form of emotion that keeps the relationships that we have strong.
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Chapter 6: How do we define plagiarism in different contexts?
Defeated and disillusioned, they hung up their guns and went their separate ways, all hoping to find some small bit of peace amidst a universe thick with violence and oppression. Four decades after their heyday, they each try to stay alive and eke out a living. But a friend from the past won't let them move on, and neither will their bitterest enemy.
The Stonewolves is Season 11 of the Galactic Football League Science Fiction Series by author Scott Sigler. Enjoy it as a standalone story or listen to the entire GFL series beginning with Season 1, The Rookie. Search for Scott Sigler, S-I-G-L-E-R, wherever you get your podcasts.
So, Chris, you sometimes see on TV some, you know, courtroom show or some, you know, true crime dateline thing where the guy's in the courtroom and he's very sorry for the, you know, grisly murder he committed. And, you know, but I, again, I wonder, like, is he sorry that he committed the murder or is he sorry that he's standing here in a court of law and he's been found guilty?
Well, you know, the way that I would put it is that, yes, he's sorry that he's got caught because, you know, clearly there are going to be consequences. But in many cases of relationships, it's really sorrow, as I said before, that sorry that the relationship is now under threat, that you may be losing somebody that ultimately you care about.
okay i mean in a court the courtroom situation is i think a little bit different because there of course you the the sorrow may not actually be guilt it may just be you know fear of the consequences that you know you're now going to you know going to have to suffer the consequences of the crime uh and that's a little bit different from guilt
Yeah, but oftentimes in those situations, in a courtroom, you know, the defendant is confronted with victims, family members, where now they really get to see the damage that they've done. So maybe they do start to feel guilty, obviously way too late, but maybe that is a little guilt because they're seeing the devastation that they caused, that they hadn't maybe thought about before.
Yeah.
Yeah, I completely agree with that. And I think this is an opportunity maybe to say a little bit more about how guilt is constituted emotionally. So in my view, guilt is not a simple emotion. It's actually a complex of different emotions. And one of the most important ones is empathy or sadness for the other person.
So when you see that the other person is really hurt, as in the case that you just articulated, that starts to stimulate empathy for the other person. And that empathy is an important component of the guilt that you feel because you feel sorrow or compassion for the other person. Okay.
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Chapter 7: What is the relationship between plagiarism and copyright infringement?
So, so guilt has these other emotional pieces to it. There's the, there's the compassion for the other person. There's to some extent, self-directed anger as well. So you feel angry at yourself for what you did, right? So you have this self-directed anger, you have compassion for the other person, and then you have some fear as well.
Fear that either the relationship that you had with that person is now damaged or are harmed or fear for yourself for other reasons.
I want to talk about forgiveness. You know, you sometimes hear people say they can forgive, but they can't forget that what you did, you can't make it go away. You can't unremember it. So it seems like, you know, depending on the severity of whatever you did, forgiveness is good, but what you did is what you did and that it never really goes away.
Yeah, and I think that's true. But I think the important thing about relationships is that, firstly, a number of important things. Firstly, there's two sides to a relationship. It's typically not the case that one person is doing the harm. But quite often in relationships, guilt goes both ways.
And the important thing about relationships is if they're going to survive, then both have to be willing to bend towards the other.
right to to recognize when they've done harm to the other apologize for it but also be willing to forgive the other when uh when they do something to harm you okay so it's important to think of relationships as a two-way street so what do we do with this i mean knowing what you know how do we do we do anything different or is this just something to observe and notice and say that's interesting
My message I think is to recognize that guilt is actually a positive emotion. It may feel horrible, it may feel bad, but it actually is good for us, right? And what it does is it helps to strengthen our relationships, as I've said. So that's the message, right? So when we feel guilty, we shouldn't think, oh, we're a bad person. We don't deserve anything.
I think what it means is that we're actually a sympathetic or an empathetic person, that when we feel guilt, it means that we care about other people. And then we should act on that guilt. We should do whatever is needed in order to restore the relationship that we have. So I think the message is primarily a positive message.
It's one that says that guilt is a good thing and it's good for us, good for our relationships.
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Chapter 8: What are common misconceptions about caffeine in coffee roasts?
Songwriters accused of stealing from other songs. Politicians and celebrities caught copying speeches or passages they claim they wrote. But plagiarism turns out to be a lot more complicated than it first appears. Sometimes two songs sound strikingly similar, and it might just really be coincidence. After all, there's only so many musical notes and chord progressions.
In other cases, people may copy without realizing it, influenced by ideas they've absorbed through the years but forgotten where they came from. And now, with AI creating content that draws on massive amounts of existing work, the line between inspiration, borrowing, and outright plagiarism is blurrier than ever. So what actually counts as plagiarism?
When is similarity suspicious and when is it inevitable? And how do our brains, our culture, and our technology all factor into this? That's what we're about to explore with Roger Cruz. He's Associate Dean and Professor of Psychology at the University of Memphis and a monthly columnist for Psychology Today.
He's author of a book called Strikingly Similar, Plagiarism and Appropriation from Chaucer to Chatbots. Hey, Roger, welcome. Well, welcome back. Good to have you back on Something You Should Know. Well, thank you so much. So what is plagiarism exactly? I think people have a notion, an idea of what it is and when it happens. But for the purposes of our discussion, what is plagiarism?
I think it can be defined as the appropriation of someone else's words or ideas without acknowledgement or compensation.
And must it be intentional and willful or can plagiarism exist? And oops, I don't know how that happened.
That's the real issue. A lot of people who are caught plagiarizing will say that it was unintentional, and probably in many cases it was. But that's the real issue is that we have a very broad term that runs the gamut from simple inadvertent failure to set a citation to wholesale copying. We have this one term that refers to a very wide variety of behaviors and motivations.
I think that's part of where the problem lies with regards to thinking about what this term refers to.
And so when I think of plagiarism, I think of like, you know, college term papers or songs or books or things. But does plagiarism exist elsewhere?
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