Chapter 1: What are the intriguing questions about the universe in this episode?
So Chuck, we just rolled out another Grab Bag Cosmic Queries. That's right. And people grabbed all parts of the bag on that one. Black holes, personal questions about me and my telescopes. Yes. What's up with that? We got it all. We're coming up on StarTalk. Welcome to StarTalk. Your place in the universe where science and pop culture collide. StarTalk begins right now. This is StarTalk.
Neil deGrasse Tyson, your personal astrophysicist. Chuck Nice over here. What's up? All right. How are you, Neil? We're going to do another Cosmic Queries. A grab a bag. That's all we're doing lately, are grab bags. It's the fam favorite, man. It's like you close your eye, reach in the bin, and pull it out. That's right. Pull out a snake. You know, I actually have a black hole bag over there.
Did I ever show you that?
Wait. I thought it was the black hole lunchbox.
Can I only have one black hole thing? Is this what you're- I know, who am I talking to? I'm gonna show you.
Wait, hang on. You might have shown me this a long time ago. This is a black hole bag. Oh, Lord Jesus. What the hell? What the? Okay. I love it. And then there's the eyes.
Oh, no, I forgot what I put in here.
Okay. I put a hole in here.
You put a hole in the hole. Yes.
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Chapter 2: How does Neil deGrasse Tyson explain the concept of absolute zero?
But each radiator has to be pointing away into space. They can't point to each other. You can't have a battery of radiators. Right. Right. Not a literal battery, but. An array. An array. An alignment. An array of radiators that are like, if they point to each other, nothing happens. It just feeds each other the same heat. I'll heat you, you heat me. Exactly.
So they all have to face space, but it doesn't have the benefit of air whisking away the heat. It can only radiate it away. Whereas on Earth, you can release heat both ways. It can radiate away, and you can convect air around it, and it just takes it away. Very efficient. Right. When you have a medium such as an atmosphere to do that. Cool breeze.
Yeah, the cool breeze will cool you down faster than just you radiating your heat. You're radiating it away, your whole heat. Okay. It's slightly different. The cool breeze is forcing your sweat to evaporate, and the evaporation takes energy out of you. But, so let's get back to... to the absolute zero. So I keep taking heat out and the temperature gets lower and lower and lower.
You reach a point where quantum phenomena dominates and you can no longer use classical reasoning. This, by the way, Dalton was not alone in this intersection, this troubled paradoxical intersection between classical physics and what we call modern physics.
So you get down there and you try to take more heat out and you can't because, and by the way, taking heat out means that particles are moving slower and slower. The heat is vibrational energy typically. So you take that out. And there's a regime where the quantum fluctuations prevent it from ever stopping its motion. All right? Okay. So you're saying, let me... That means there's energy there.
Right.
Let me pull that energy out.
Let me pull that energy. Let me utilize that energy.
I think I'd have to confirm this with our cosmology trio. Brian and Brian and Jana. Jana. Brian Cox, Brian Green. Brian Cox, of course, is in the UK. Right. But he comes through and he's a good friend. And then sometimes Sean. Sean Carroll. Oh yeah, he's a good guy too. When we speak of zero point energy of the vacuum of space, I think that's what they're referring to.
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Chapter 3: What is the significance of dark matter in the universe?
Ah!
I say, God, we're worried about somebody else. Take care of that homeless man in the street. We got the energy thing. We're kind of slow on the go here, but the sun has basically unlimited energy. And the Chinese now want to put up a solar array in orbit where there's no clouds. And if it's far enough away from Earth, it always sees the sun 24-7, beam it down to Earth by microwaves.
So then you have this column of microwaves. What could go wrong?
Right.
I want to cross that path for sure. So, but unlimited energy. Here's what I would do. You ready? Go ahead. I would do what they did in Iceland. What's that? Iceland is sitting on top of volcanoes. You know this.
Yeah.
Okay. It's volcano land. It's not Iceland. It's not Iceland, yeah. Greenland is Iceland, not Greenland. Right, exactly. All right. It's the opposite here. So- I want to do what they do in Iceland. Go ahead. They heat their water at these lava pits, okay, up in the mountains, and then send the water into town, but they do it under the streets so that snow never accumulates. Genius.
You never, you don't need snow plows, you don't need salt, you don't need accident reports.
Nope.
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Chapter 4: How do galaxies interact within clusters?
Fuck ton.
Fuck ton.
That is the biggest unit of measure there is.
That's right. You can't get bigger than that.
I told you, I created this. That's where I got it from. That's what you got it from. It's the vulgar... The vulgar metric system. Yeah.
That's where I got it from.
That's where I said it. Because it's like, you know, isn't there like an ass load of something? There's a shit load. A shit load. No, ass load is less than that. Right? Take this ass load of him. Take it to the market. We got more than that? That's a shit load. And then, yeah. Yeah. So it's online somewhere. I think I had it at a Facebook post, but then it kind of hit it.
Yeah.
But it's out there.
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