This episode is brought to you by Rupa Health, Cozy Earth, and InsideTracker. Many people think of metabolism as one specific system in the body, when in fact it’s the sum of many different processes that are serving other vital roles for us as well. Our bodies are not closed systems, so our environment, social networks, diet, hormones, microbiome, genetics, and more, all influence how well our metabolism works, or how well we can extract energy from our food. I’m so happy to sit down with my good friend Dr. William Li to talk about what metabolism really means, why the old way of thinking about metabolism hasn’t helped us, and how to make positive impacts on our metabolism at any age. Dr. William Li is a world-renowned physician, scientist, speaker, and author of Eat to Beat Disease - The New Science of How Your Body Can Heal Itself. He is best known for leading the Angiogenesis Foundation. His groundbreaking work has impacted more than 70 diseases, including cancer, diabetes, blindness, heart disease, and obesity. An author of over 100 scientific publications in leading journals such as Science, the New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, and more, Dr. Li has served on the faculties of Harvard, Tufts, and Dartmouth Medical School. This episode is brought to you by Rupa Health, Cozy Earth, and InsideTracker. You can check out a free, live demo with a Q&A or create an account at RupaHealth.com. Right now, get 40% off your Cozy Earth sheets at cozyearth.com and use code MARK40. InsideTracker is offering my community 20% off at insidetracker.com/drhyman. Here are more details from our interview (audio version / Apple Subscriber version): Shifting away from the idea that eating less and exercising more is the key to weight loss (4:51 / 2:12) How calories affect metabolism (13:14 / 11:25) Research measuring the four phases of metabolism as we age (16:07 / 13:36) What is metabolism? (24:03 / 21:26) Common myths about metabolism (28:35 / 24:37) Supporting the gut microbiome to raise metabolism and promote health (36:18 / 32:03) Foods that mimic caloric restriction (40:27 / 36:10) Our body’s ability to reverse disease (52:59 / 46:21) Reducing stress in a doomscrolling society (54:07 / 49:30) How to restore health to your metabolism (56:03/ 51:56) Mentioned in this episode Perspective: Obesity—an unexplained epidemic Competing paradigms of obesity pathogenesis: energy balance versus carbohydrate-insulin models Daily energy expenditure through the human life course Get a copy of Dr. Li’s book, Eat to Beat Disease: The New Science of How Your Body Can Heal Itself, here and check out his Masterclass with Dr. William Li here.

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“What did the council decide on item 42?” — answered with the speaker and the moment.