ZOE Science & Nutrition
Episodes
7 gut-friendly snacks that won't destroy your diet | Prof Sarah Berry
19 Feb 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Snacks make up a quarter of what most people eat. Yet most of us never question them. In this episode, Professor Sarah Berry, ZOE’s Chief Scientist...
Recap: How exercise slows brain ageing | Dr Wendy Suzuki
17 Feb 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re asking how we can boost our brain. Our brain is a living, morphing organ that is constantly responding to the stimuli we feed it. So t...
The #1 diet change to make today to fight chronic disease | Dr Mark Hyman
12 Feb 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and obesity are killing more people than ever before. Could your diet be the biggest driver of this ris...
Recap: How to lower your risk of arthritis | Dr Tamiko Katsumoto
10 Feb 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re talking about arthritis. It might not sound as alarming as cancer or heart disease, but arthritis can quietly turn simple movements in...
5 ways relationships change your gut health | Prof Tim Spector
05 Feb 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Are modern habits around cleanliness, parenting, and social contact shaping your gut health more than you realise? In this episode, Professor Tim S...
Recap: The hidden clock controlling your health | Professor Russell Foster
03 Feb 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re exploring circadian rhythms. Did you know you could eat the exact same meal at two different times of day and your body would respond ...
4 lifestyle changes that lower high blood pressure | Dr Sanjay Gupta
29 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
High blood pressure is the number one risk factor for deaths globally. But what if your blood pressure numbers were only part of that story? In this ...
Recap: Fat: The full story | Sarah Berry
27 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re talking about fat. Since founding ZOE, I’ve actually started eating more fat. That might surprise you. Because for decades, we’ve ...
4 foods that heal your gut and reduce inflammation (in as little as 24 hours!) | Dr Will Bulsiewisz
22 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Heart disease, dementia, depression, diabetes: what do these conditions have in common? Dr Will Bulsiewicz, a gastroenterologist and New York Times be...
Recap: How to maintain new habits in the New Year | Tara Swart & Sarah Berry
20 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about habits. Every January, millions of us set ambitious goals for the year ahead. Maybe you want to eat better, move more, st...
5 daily habits of people who live longer | Dan Buettner
15 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Would you like to stay healthy until you're 100? For most of us, the answer is, of course, yes. But why do some people live longer, and is it achievab...
Recap: How your gut microbes could fight disease | Suzanne Devkota & Tim Spector
13 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Inside each of us lives a bustling community of microbes; tiny organisms that outnumber our human cells. They’re there from the very moment we’re ...
How to drink alcohol without destroying your health | Prof. David Nutt
08 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Dry January often raises big questions: how much alcohol is actually safe, and do you need to stop drinking altogether to protect your health? In this...
Recap: How to break bad habits and transform your health | Rich Roll & Tim Spector
06 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
Change is difficult. Our routines can feel locked in, our habits on autopilot, and the idea of a major lifestyle overhaul can seem impossible. Howe...
What happens when you start eating healthy?
01 Jan 2026
Contributed by Lukas
What really happens when you stop dieting and start eating healthy? In this episode, we hear from two real people who spent years trying to “do the ...
Recap: We need to talk about metabolism | Shawn Stevenson & Tim Spector
30 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
We often hear people talk about metabolism - whether it’s fast, slow, strong, or sluggish. It’s one of those health buzzwords that’s often said,...
8 ways to eat better in 2026 | Prof. Tim Spector and Prof. Sarah Berry
26 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
What if small changes to how you eat in 2026 could help you feel more energetic, less hungry, and more in control of your health? In this episode, we ...
Recap: Why you should stop counting calories | Giles Yeo
23 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Calories. They’ve been at the heart of dieting advice for decades. Eat fewer, burn more, lose weight. simple, right? Except it’s not that simple....
ZOE’s best health tips of 2025 - Part 2
18 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Welcome to part two of our Best of 2025 series - the moments that changed how our listeners think about their health and what they do on a day-to-day ...
Recap: Tips to help prevent Alzheimer’s | Drs. Ayesha & Dean Sherzai
16 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Medical advances over the past century mean our bodies are living longer than ever. But our brains aren’t always keeping pace. Rates of Alzheimer’...
ZOE’s best health tips of 2025 - Part 1
11 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
This special episode brings together the moments from 2025 that listeners told us had the biggest impact on how they eat, think, and feel. It’s been...
Recap: Is it time for you to try fasting? | Dr Valter Longo & Tim Spector
09 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Most of us have heard about the health benefits of fasting; from lowering disease risk to even slowing down ageing. The catch? Going without food is t...
Healthier holiday eating with smart food swaps | Dr Federica Amati
04 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Christmas is a time of celebration, when friends and family gather to enjoy meals together. However, many of us overindulge, which leaves us feeling t...
Recap: The truth about artificial sweeteners | Eran Elinav & Tim Spector
02 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re diving into the world of artificial sweeteners. Back in July 1982, Coca-Cola launched a groundbreaking new product: Diet Coke. A health...
Sleep, stress and exercise: your longevity toolkit | Kayla Barnes-Lentz
27 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Can science really help us live longer - and feel better while we age? In this episode, longevity expert Kayla Barnes-Lentz joins Jonathan and Dr Fede...
Recap: Scrappy ways to eat healthier and save money | Carleigh Bodrug & Will Bulsiewicz
25 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about something we’re all guilty of: food waste. A forgotten yogurt at the back of the fridge, a stale hunk of bread, a bag o...
What to eat (and avoid) in a world full of plastic | Dr. Sabine Donnai
20 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Plastic is everywhere. In our homes, on our streets, in our oceans. But recent research suggests it’s also inside us: in our blood, our organs, even...
Recap: Understanding endometriosis and PCOS | Dr Jen Ashton
18 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about gynaecological health. Conditions like endometriosis and polycystic ovarian syndrome are more common than might think. Ye...
Fermented foods: what to eat to cut inflammation | Prof. Tim Spector
13 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Are fermented foods the missing link in our health, or just the latest wellness trend? In this episode, Professor Tim Spector, a world-leading scie...
Recap: Tips for a healthy immune system | Jenna Macciochi
11 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re diving into our immune health. You can think of your immune system as your body’s personal physician. Diligently working around the c...
How learning to savour flavour can transform your health | Spencer Hyman
06 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Is flavour just a sensory experience? Or the secret key to eating for health? In this episode, Spencer Hyman, flavour expert and co-founder of Cocoa R...
The science of winter depression with Prof. Debra Skene – leading chronobiologist
30 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Try ZOE’s NEW app and gut health test: ZOE.com Winter is almost here! Temperatures are dropping, clouds are descending, and the clocks have changed...
Tired and hungry? How the wrong breakfast will ruin your day | Prof. Benjamin Gardner & Professor Tim Spector
23 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Get 6+ FREE breakfast recipes from nutrition experts: https://zoe.com/breakfastguide Why do so many of us eat a "healthy" breakfast like cereal or mu...
The #1 Dementia risk factor nobody talks about, and what to do
16 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Get your free 5-step plan for hearing loss diagnosis and treatment: click here Hearing loss affects 1 in 5 people globally, increases the risk of dev...
Lose weight by controlling these hormones | Bariatric surgeon Dr. Andrew Jenkinson
09 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🥑 Make smarter food choices. Become a member at http://zoe.com Have you ever wondered why you can lose weight on a diet, only for it to come bac...
Recap: Why you should eat 30 different plants every week | Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall & Tim Spector
07 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re talking about plants. For years, our diets have been guided by a simple three word slogan: ‘five a day’. While it’s well establi...
HRV vs. VO2 max vs. ECG: Which wearable metric ACTUALLY matters? | Prof. Malcolm Findlay
02 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Is your smartwatch just a fun gadget, or a serious medical device? In this episode, Jonathan Wolf is joined by Dr. Malcolm Findlay, a leading consu...
Recap: Why you should be wary of ‘low fat’ foods | Sarah Berry
30 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
If you’re a regular listener of this podcast, you’ll know that our cholesterol level is closely linked to heart health. With that in mind, it’s ...
Fix your sleep with the Royal Marine's sleep consultant Dr. Sophie Bostock
25 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
We’ve all been there: tossing and turning, checking the clock, and stressing about not getting enough sleep. But what if the secret to a good night’...
Recap: This type of daily chocolate could improve gut health | Spencer Hyman and Prof Sarah Berry
23 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re unwrapping the truth about chocolate. For many of us, chocolate is a guilty pleasure. But what if I told you that you didn’t need to...
3 gut bacteria that protect your heart–and what to feed them | Prof. Tim Spector & Prof Nicola Segata
18 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
There's an unseen world inside you, teeming with trillions of tiny inhabitants. Just like any ecosystem, some bugs inside your gut microbiome are bene...
Recap: Simple ways to improve gut health today | Dr. Karan Rajan
16 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Research continues to confirm how important the gut is for overall health. From energy to immunity and even mood, it all seems to start with the gut. ...
5 threats to your immune system–and how to fight them | Prof. Daniel Davis MBE
11 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Many supplements claim to “boost” your immune system. Now, we all want to avoid getting sick during the winter months, but do any of these product...
Recap: The truth about seed oils | Prof. Sarah Berry
09 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
From Instagram reels to viral tweets, seed oils have become one of the latest nutrition villains. And the fear’s getting real. People are emptying t...
Top Doctor: The hidden dangers in your daily multivitamin | Dr David Seres
04 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
We’re told vitamins are essential for our health. That they boost our immune systems, fight fatigue, and protect us from disease. But what if most o...
Recap: Make the most out of EVERY meal | Christopher Gardner & Sarah Berry
02 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re asking: What should you eat? This is the million-dollar question, one that we at ZOE have spent countless hours of podcast episodes tr...
How to beat heart disease: 8 habits you must fix | Dr. Nour Makarem
28 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Heart disease is the world’s biggest killer—and it often strikes without warning. It’s responsible for around 1 in 5 deaths in the US. While the...
Recap: Davina McCall's menopause experience
26 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
For Davina, menopause wasn’t just a transition - it was a quiet crisis. She felt like a stranger in her own body, overwhelmed by symptoms she wasn’...
Food additives exposed: The artificial dyes and chemicals to avoid | Marion Nestle
21 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Those long, unpronounceable ingredients at the bottom of food labels—what are they really doing to your health? In this episode, we’re joined by ...
Recap: The healthy way to feed your kids | Rhiannon Lambert and Dr. Federica Amati
19 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re tackling the challenge of feeding our children. Getting kids to eat a balanced meal can often feel like an uphill battle, especially w...
Forget crash diets: How to maintain a healthy weight | Alan Aragon & Prof. Sarah Berry
14 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Most people who try to lose weight and keep it off end up failing. But what if the problem isn’t you - it’s the diet? In this episode, we cut thr...
Recap: How to start fermenting at home | Sandor Katz
12 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re diving into fermentation. If you’re a regular ZOE listener, you’ve probably heard that fermented foods are some of the best things...
Nutrition Scientist: This is why you're confused about ultra processed food | Prof. Sarah Berry
07 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Scientists agree that processed foods are contributing to poor health — but when it comes to ultra-processed foods (UPFs), there’s growing confusi...
Recap: Simple steps to prevent allergies | Prof. Gideon Lack
05 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re turning our attention to allergies. For decades, conflicting advice on how to prevent allergies from developing has left parents uns...
No.1 Protein Scientist: Are you eating enough? | Prof. Stuart Phillips & Dr. Federica Amati
31 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Are you eating enough protein? This is probably a question you’ve asked yourself. With “high protein” labels on almost every type of food produc...
Recap: How your gut fuels your brain and mood | Prof. John Cryan
29 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re exploring the connection between your gut and your brain. For years, the brain was seen as somewhat detached from other parts of our b...
Omega-3s and brain health: what the science really says | Dr. Bill Harris & Prof. Sarah Berry
24 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Omega-3 fatty acids have long been lauded for heart health benefits. Yet, emerging research now points to an even more profound impact, directly on ou...
Can bigger muscles really help burn fat and keep you young? | Dr. Vonda Wright
17 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🌱 Try our plant based wholefood supplement - Daily 30+ Do you track your weight, hoping to see the numbers drop? What if the scale is deceiv...
Are you at high risk of breast cancer? Follow this early detection guide | Dr. Thaïs Aliabadi
10 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Do you really know your breast cancer risk? Many women think they do – trusting family history, regular checkups, and mammograms to keep them safe. ...
Recap: How to get the most out of olive oil | Elizabeth Berger & Tim Spector
08 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about olive oil. Touted as one of the hottest health foods right now, olive oil has been linked to a range of benefits - from r...
Can a traditional African diet help protect against inflammation? | Quirijn de Mast & Tim Spector
03 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
In this groundbreaking episode, Jonathan, Tim, and guest researcher Professor Quirijn de Mast explore a landmark clinical trial conducted in partnersh...
Recap: Is the new obesity medication too good to be true? | Dr. Louis J Aronne
02 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about obesity medication. Did you know that over 200 illnesses are linked to unhealthy weight gain? It's no surprise that comba...
How to lower blood pressure, improve heart health and reduce dementia risk | Prof. Tim Spector
26 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
What if your blood pressure — even just a little too high — is quietly damaging your brain? What if it’s increasing your risk of a heart attack ...
Recap: The importance of lifting weights in your later years | Dr. Brad Schoenfeld
24 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about resistance training. When we think of exercising in our 70s and 80s, we often focus on gentle activities like walking or ...
The daily step count that cuts inflammation in half | Prof. Janet Lord
19 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
What if the fatigue, stiffness, and brain fog we blame on aging are actually symptoms of something we can change? In this episode, immune aging exper...
Recap: Banish bad sleep with these top tips | Prof. Matt Walker
17 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about sleep. Are you a good sleeper? It’s something we all aim for, yet many of us fall short. And the consequences of a poor...
The 3 biggest myths about anti-aging skincare | Prof. John McGrath
12 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
From collagen powders to $100 creams, the skincare industry thrives on promises. However, many of the products we rely on for younger, healthier skin ...
Recap: Simple steps to great gut health | Nicola Segata & Tim Spector
10 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re zooming in on our gut. It’s our favourite topic here at ZOE and for good reason! Research into the microbiome continues to reveal jus...
Which supplements work — and which are a waste | Prof. Tim Spector & Prof. Sarah Berry
05 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Can pills and powders really improve our health? Despite their clinical look, most supplements aren’t tested with the scientific rigour we expect fr...
Recap: Do you need to eat meat to build muscle? | Simon Hill & Will Bulsiewicz
03 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re diving into protein. It’s the nutrient at the centre of some of the biggest debates in nutrition - especially when it comes to buildi...
Harvard Doctor: Obesity, cancer, and the real cost of convenience food | Dr. Andy Chan
29 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Ultra-processed foods now make up over half of what many of us eat - and the health consequences are only just coming into focus. In this episode, we ...
Recap: How to combat colon cancer | Dr. Andy Chan
27 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today, we’re diving into an important and growing health concern: colon cancer. Recent studies show that cases of colon cancer are becoming increas...
The truth about the 5 biggest wellness trends this spring | Liz Earle MBE & Dr. Federica Amati
22 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
This spring, are you bombarded by wellness trends promising miraculous results? From detox juices to the surprising popularity of beef tallow, it's ea...
Recap: How ultra-processed food impacts your brain | Prof. Felice Jacka
20 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re exploring the impact that ultra-processed foods have on our brain. We often think of nutrition in terms of physical health - things lik...
Saunas, cold exposure, and your health: what the science says | Dr. Susanna Søberg & Prof. Tim Spector
15 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Unwrap the truth about your food 👉 Get ZOE’s new app Most of us avoid the cold. We crank up the heating, bundle up in layers, and curse ever...
Recap: The power of a 12 hour eating window | Prof. Satchin Panda
13 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re exploring the power of a restricted eating window. Do you enjoy a late night snack? A little nibble or drink after dinner but before be...
Why the ‘big food’ industry is killing us – and how to fight back | Prof. Brian Elbel and Prof. Tim Spector
08 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
👀 Unwrap the truth 👉 Try the new ZOE app Why do we eat what we eat? It might feel like a personal choice, but hidden forces—industry tactics...
Signs you may have high-functioning depression – and 5 ways to fix it | Dr. Judith Joseph and Dr. Sarah Berry
01 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
We often associate depression with withdrawal and low energy - but what if it hides behind a packed schedule and staying busy? Board-certified psychia...
The brain-gut mystery: what’s really causing your IBS? with Dr. Will Bulsiewicz
24 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
IBS affects over 300 million people globally, yet remains one of the most misunderstood gut conditions. In this episode, we explore the latest science...
Recap: Rethinking rest - cancer treatment and exercise | Dr. Jessica Scott
22 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about the relationship between cancer treatment and exercise. For years, the standard advice for someone going through cancer t...
The top 7 foods to fight inflammation this spring | Prof. Tim Spector and Dr. Federica Amati
17 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Spring is the perfect time to shake up your routine. In this episode, Professor Tim Spector and Dr. Federica Amati reveal seven delicious, science-bac...
Matcha, coffee and green tea: which is healthiest? with Prof. Tim Spector and Chef Andrew Kojima
10 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Is matcha the ultimate coffee alternative, or just another wellness fad? In this episode, Andrew Kojima - aka Chef Koj - an expert in Japanese cuisine...
The workout that builds muscle, boosts your brain and slows down aging | Dr. Andy Galpin
03 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Strength training is often associated with bodybuilding, but its benefits go far beyond muscle growth. Research shows that strength training supports ...
Recap: Is friendship the key to healthy aging? | Rose Anne Kenny
01 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Last year, a study found that a third of Americans aged between 50 and 80 feel lonely. I’m sure most of us can relate to this feeling, and understan...
The truth about low carb diets, sugar spikes, and ‘multigrain’ labels | Prof. Tim Spector
27 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Carbs are one of the most misunderstood aspects of nutrition. For decades, they’ve been praised, demonized, and debated. Today, low-carb diets are e...
Recap: 3 essentials for healthy skin | Dr. Justine Kluk & Prof. Sarah Berry
25 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
In 2025, global spending on skincare products is expected to approach 200 billion dollars. It’s an astonishing figure, but not entirely surprising w...
Do you want to die? How Bryan Johnson plans to cheat death
20 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Could optimizing your sleep significantly extend your lifespan? In this episode, we dive deep into the science of longevity with Bryan Johnson, the e...
Recap: Can mindfulness improve physical health? | Prof. Ellen Langer
18 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re considering mindfulness. Improving your health often comes with certain sacrifices. You might need to sacrifice time to exercise or mone...
Why your workout should change with each new decade | Gabby Reece & Dr. Federica Amati
13 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Staying fit isn’t just for athletes - it’s a lifelong commitment that evolves with age. But how do we maintain strength, resilience, and motivatio...
Recap: Red meat vs fake meat | Prof. Christopher Gardner
11 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Are meat alternatives healthy? It’s well known that many of us should reduce our red meat intake - and chances are, a lot of you already have. Howe...
The best (and worst) oats for your health | Prof. Sarah Berry
06 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Oatmeal has long been considered a heart-healthy breakfast, but is it really as good for us as we think? In this episode, Jonathan and Sarah break do...
Recap: Menstruation - what everyone needs to know | Jen Gunter & Sarah Berry
04 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we tackle menstruation. Despite affecting half the world’s population for a significant part of their lives, menstruation remains clouded by t...
How to reverse arthritis in 8 weeks | Dr. Tamiko Katsumoto
27 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Arthritis affects millions worldwide. 1 in 5 adults in the U.S suffer with it and many people assume it’s an inevitable part of aging. Bu what if yo...
Recap: Is your morning coffee harming your health? | James Hoffmann
25 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re diving into coffee. Most of us are greeted by its earthy aroma every single morning. It’s hot bitter taste signaling that the day has ...
The truth behind memory loss - and how to stop it with exercise | Dr. Wendy Suzuki
20 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
We spend so much time focusing on how exercise changes our bodies - burning calories, building muscle, shedding fat. What if the most important transf...
Recap: What the science says about intermittent fasting | Gin Stephens
18 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re talking about intermittent fasting. This form of time-restricted eating has been gaining significant popularity, with many people report...
How to transform your health in midlife | Rich Roll and Prof. Tim Spector
13 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Midlife is often seen as a point of no return for health, but it could be the perfect moment to make a radical change. New research suggests that your...
Recap: The misunderstood function of fat | Deborah Clegg
11 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re discussing fat. It’s a word that carries a lot of weight. It’s a source of social judgment, a driver of insecurities and a tool expl...
3 simple steps to transform your metabolism | Shawn Stevenson and Prof. Tim Spector
06 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Only 12% of American adults are considered metabolically healthy - meaning the vast majority are at increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, and str...
Recap: Why we avoid exercise and how to overcome it | Daniel Lieberman
04 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Today we’re exploring what evolution can teach us about exercise. When it comes to doing exercise, there’s often a tug-of-war between our body and...