David Kipping

So the conservation of energy demands that energy has to come back out or come at a different temperature.

It could come out as neutrinos.

It could come out as gravitational waves.

But it has to come back out in some way.

So normally, you know, when we look for these advanced civilizations, we've done searches for these things.

And they're really just energy transformers.

It's probably not even worth saying like Dyson sphere or some particular structure.

It's just something that converts star energy.

into waste energy.

That's what we've searched for.

And we've searched for over 100,000 nearby stars for them.

There's not a single one that shows that behavior.

And 100,000 galaxies around us.

And we don't see it on mass scale in any of those galaxies.

So unless they're doing something that goes against thermodynamics, they have super magical technology we can't imagine.

And it's hard to believe that story makes sense.

And I guess in terms of their behavior, what I say to you is you kind of are falling into what we sometimes call the monocultural fallacy, some of my colleagues call.

And that's the imagining that all of these alien AGI's or biologicals, whatever they are, they all do the same thing.

Everyone does exactly the same thing.

But there's probably going to be a diversity of behaviors, right?