Dr. Brian Keating

The Gutenberg Bible was set in print by Gutenberg, and it had a fixed size of all the characters. So what they would do is at a couple of feet, they put the Gutenberg Bible in front of people. It's amazing to think about it because there's only like 10 copies of the Gutenberg Bible still left. They're all in vaults. They're all worth hundreds of millions of dollars.

You can't buy them even if you're, you know, Elon. When you look at it, you would be able to tell that you could not see at one foot – I could not see what Andrew could see at one foot. So you knew that there was something diminishing my visual acuity, whether – who knows what it was. But they knew that they could then correct that lens to be as good as 20-20 or get up to your standard for me.

You can't buy them even if you're, you know, Elon. When you look at it, you would be able to tell that you could not see at one foot – I could not see what Andrew could see at one foot. So you knew that there was something diminishing my visual acuity, whether – who knows what it was. But they knew that they could then correct that lens to be as good as 20-20 or get up to your standard for me.

You can't buy them even if you're, you know, Elon. When you look at it, you would be able to tell that you could not see at one foot – I could not see what Andrew could see at one foot. So you knew that there was something diminishing my visual acuity, whether – who knows what it was. But they knew that they could then correct that lens to be as good as 20-20 or get up to your standard for me.

And that was the way that they would judge how good your eyes were. And so they then would correct that with lenses. And I always point out how ironic it is because later on Galileo would take those two lenses and instead of putting one on each eye, he'd put one in front of the other one and then use that to construct a telescope.

And that was the way that they would judge how good your eyes were. And so they then would correct that with lenses. And I always point out how ironic it is because later on Galileo would take those two lenses and instead of putting one on each eye, he'd put one in front of the other one and then use that to construct a telescope.

And that was the way that they would judge how good your eyes were. And so they then would correct that with lenses. And I always point out how ironic it is because later on Galileo would take those two lenses and instead of putting one on each eye, he'd put one in front of the other one and then use that to construct a telescope.

But he didn't actually invent the telescope, but he perfected the telescope. So just like Apple didn't invent the smartphone, They perfected it. Just like Facebook didn't invent social networking, they perfected it, right? So it's usually the second mouse gets the cheese, they like to say. He was the ultimate second mouse.

But he didn't actually invent the telescope, but he perfected the telescope. So just like Apple didn't invent the smartphone, They perfected it. Just like Facebook didn't invent social networking, they perfected it, right? So it's usually the second mouse gets the cheese, they like to say. He was the ultimate second mouse.

But he didn't actually invent the telescope, but he perfected the telescope. So just like Apple didn't invent the smartphone, They perfected it. Just like Facebook didn't invent social networking, they perfected it, right? So it's usually the second mouse gets the cheese, they like to say. He was the ultimate second mouse.

He would always improve things and make them so much better that he would obliterate his competition. Galileo.

He would always improve things and make them so much better that he would obliterate his competition. Galileo.

He would always improve things and make them so much better that he would obliterate his competition. Galileo.

Yeah, I would say he gave the hypothesis. He wasn't wrong. Galileo didn't correct him. It's just Galileo brought evidence to the table. He brought hard scientific observation.

Yeah, I would say he gave the hypothesis. He wasn't wrong. Galileo didn't correct him. It's just Galileo brought evidence to the table. He brought hard scientific observation.

Yeah, I would say he gave the hypothesis. He wasn't wrong. Galileo didn't correct him. It's just Galileo brought evidence to the table. He brought hard scientific observation.

So what was the milieu of the time was that the Earth was the center of the universe, which was our solar system effectively was the whole universe. They didn't know about stars and galaxies, certainly. We can get into that later. But there was what's known as the Ptolemaic concept of the organization of the cosmos.

So what was the milieu of the time was that the Earth was the center of the universe, which was our solar system effectively was the whole universe. They didn't know about stars and galaxies, certainly. We can get into that later. But there was what's known as the Ptolemaic concept of the organization of the cosmos.

So what was the milieu of the time was that the Earth was the center of the universe, which was our solar system effectively was the whole universe. They didn't know about stars and galaxies, certainly. We can get into that later. But there was what's known as the Ptolemaic concept of the organization of the cosmos.

So the earliest cosmological models were that the sun is the center – the earth is the center of the universe and everything goes around it. However, these were not dopes. They knew that there were problems with that model. There are certain aspects of the orbits of planets for example. I mentioned Mercury's retrograde and what does retrograde mean?