Dr. Christof (Christoph) Koch

Does that correlate with the – because in the human literature, there's this statistical claim that longevity relates inversely to resting rate heart.

in the sense that you have 2 billion heartbeats, and depending on your rate, there's some statistics.

And I know it's true across species, right?

You have these small animals like birds or like mice that have very high resting rates, and then typically bigger animals have lower resting rates.

And I wonder how that is among dog species.

It's very interesting.

Yeah, for humans, aging is also true for cognitive flexibility.

You certainly become less flexible.

You become less willing to engage in new things as you age.

Well, maybe your motivation, your curiosity becomes less and your motivation, I think that's a difference, right?

You say, hey, I've done this a hundred times.

I don't need to do it a hundred first time.

Yeah, I know what he's going to say already ahead of time.

Incorrect.

That's essential also for any sort of therapy, a willingness to believe that this therapy can make a difference.

So how do we instill that?

Well, I mean, in a sense, that's a placebo effect, right?

This is what the placebo effect tells us, that if you have someone in a white coat that says doctor so-and-so that has a stethoscope and that has a particular pill, this has all been studied, right, can make a difference.

And then you read about it that this pill, you read about it or your friends tell me, yeah, this pill will work wonders.

And so therefore it does work wonder, right?