Dr. Matthew Hill

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614 appearances 1 recordings 1 series first heard Jul 2024 last heard Jul 2024

Dr. Matthew Hill’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.

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Huberman Lab · How Cannabis Impacts Health & the Potential Risks | Dr. Matthew Hill · 8 Jul 2024 podcast

And so kind of any medical benefits that people have reported from cannabis per se usually are THC and CB1 driven. CBD is this other molecule that – we can go into the pharmacology in a second, but

Again, it's just – I mean, I think in the analysis that Nick Chacoma did of all these strains and types of cannabis that exist in the United States when they went through their thing of thousands and thousands of kinds of cannabis, it was like 3% of them maybe had like more than 1% CBD. Like it's very low. Like there's almost none.

And in Canada, to get a CBD-rich strain, you have to basically explicitly buy it because it has to be bred properly. to make CBD. And so this is the kind of chemo of our distinction. I think you did allude to this last time, which is the type one, type two, type three. So type one is high THC. Type two is like somewhat balanced and type three is high CBD.

And now I think like 90 to 90 something low percent of all canabuses that are out there are type one. Like they're all high THC because that's what's been bred. There's a few that have been mixed. So are kind of equal proportions, but you're high equal proportions. So like a high THC cannabis is like 20 to 30%.

If you go for type two, which is mixed, they're both going to fall around 12%, uh, maybe a little more, but in that range. And then same, if you've got a type three, it's high CBD, it's going to be 20% CBD and very low THC.

And so no one has ever kind of grown CBD rich cannabis outside of this recent boom in the last decade that's happened about people wanting CBD because of the Charlotte's web, which was popularized by, uh, I think Sanjay Gupta on CNN in like 2012 or something. It was a while ago. But that was what got a huge movement going around this idea of CBD.

And yeah, so the Charlotte's Web was like, I believe that was what they had named that kind of cannabis that they'd extracted it from. And so it was this, it was a tincture that they were using that was very high CBD content that they were finding was controlling pediatric seizures in kids. Now, this has actually been studied pretty effectively. Most of it's come out of Boston.

Elizabeth Thiel said, has been one of the main leads on this, and she's a neurologist there that has done a lot of the work on this. And so they have, I think, very clearly, and the data is incredibly compelling, their research is one of the reasons why CBD has been descheduled or changed in its scheduling down to a, what is it, a five? What is it, class? CBD? Yeah, like CBD.

So it's been kind of a lot of it's been like shifted in its classification status because it actually has been shown very clearly to have medical benefit. And so it was very specific. It was a very specific form of pediatric epilepsy called Dravet syndrome. Now, there's other forms of pediatric epilepsy I know Elizabeth has studied in addition that has found comparable levels of efficacy.

But essentially what they have shown is that like very high doses of CBD are are relatively effective at calming down the seizures. In some kids, it's profound. Like in some kids, you're talking about kids that were having dozens of seizures a day to essentially none.

And so, and I can understand, I mean, from a grassroots perspective, I can understand if you were a parent who had a child with a disease like this that was largely intractable and not that well controlled from the medications they were on, and then something came around that showed this level of efficacy, you would gravitate towards it. Like, that makes sense to me.

And I think the work that Elizabeth and her colleagues have done has been really important to establish the efficacy of this, of CBD in these communities. disease states. And so I don't think at this point there's a lot of controversy around that. The question that comes out though is, so how is it working? And we don't have a mechanism.

So as you had said, like CBD receptor, there is no CBD, like there's no receptor that CBD binds to.

Like you can certainly, I mean, you can have products that are made that are like oil-based products, at least, that have a certain amount of CBD and a certain amount of THC. And people do go for those. And there's this – I mean one of the arguments people make is they say, oh, introducing CBD reduces the adverse effects of THC.

I'm like, well, if you're using it in a strain, that's simply because the strain of cannabis has less THC now. So it's impossible to separate. So you've bred it out. But I mean like a lot of this was based on some work that came out a long time ago from Brazil where they showed that like giving CBD with a relatively high dose of THC could curb some anxiety that came out from high-dose THC.

There is some evidence to support that, that we would call these allosteric modulators. There's some evidence to suggest that CBD may interact with an allosteric site on the cannabinoid receptor that makes THC bind less.

It's definitely more complex than that.

So the most convincing thing that I've seen that CBD binds to is the work that C.C. Hillard has done looking at its ability to essentially block adenosine uptake. And so it can inhibit the adenosine transporter.

No, because you're getting more adenosine. So you get an accumulation. It blocks the adenosine transport mechanism.

So you get an accumulation of adenosine, which is more sedative. And that, I mean, in the PNAS paper that CC's lab had from 2006, they showed that that also mediated. It was the adenosine, I think, 2A receptor that drove the anti-inflammatory effects of CBD. So it was a secondary effect by- Sort of the opposite of-

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