James Fodor

speaker

3,084 appearances 4 recordings 1 series first heard Jun 2026 last heard 30 Aug

James Fodor’s voice in public audio — every appearance, attributed to the second.

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Recordings per month over the last 12 months — 4 in all, peaking in Aug 2026 with 2.

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The Science of Everything Podcast · Episode 163: The Standard Model of Particle Physics · 8 Aug 2026 podcast

We'll we'll put the Higgs aside for a moment and come back to that later.

It was the last to be discovered, and it has a sort of a very distinct role.

So there there are four types of gauge bosons, gluons, photons, Z bosons, and W bosons, but you should probably just group them into three b b based on the forces that they mediate.

Electromagnetism, that's the photon.

Strong nuclear force, gluon.

Weak nuclear force, W and Z bosons.

There is a hypothesized boson that mediates gravity called the graviton, but that's purely theoretical and we don't really have a description of that.

So again, I'm just mentioning that uh for for completeness, but it's not really part of the standard model.

All of these gauge bosons have a spin of one.

So that means, you know, to go back to our Mobius strip analogy, that they have to be rotated a full three sixty to get back to their initial states.

It's kind of a more intuitive way in in some sense.

The Higgs boson has a spin of zero, so it's it's different in that respect.

So we have this broad division between fermions and bosons.

Again, fermions and bosons literally just refers to the spin.

So there's many other types of composite particles that are fermions and bosons.

But here I'm restricting it when I when I say things about fermions and bosons hitherto, I'm talking about just in the standard model, so just the fundamental particles that are fermions and bosons.

So don't get confused there.

In that context, there is another sort of way to distinguish between the fermions and bosons in that fermions are matter particles.

They're sort of stuff.

They have rest mass and act like matter.

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