Mark Dubowitz

I just want your listeners to understand what these sunsets are.

Essentially, the restrictions that are placed on Iran's nuclear program, and there's some really serious restrictions placed on it, especially in the short term.

And Scott's right.

The enriched material has to be shipped out, not to the French, but to the Russians, and

And there's restrictions on Iran's ability to operate these facilities in Atanz and Fordow.

They're not closed.

They still remain open, but there are restrictions on what they can do with it.

There's also restrictions on Iran's ability to test and install advanced centrifuges.

Now, the reason you'd want an advanced centrifuge rather than the first generation centrifuge that AQ Khan, the father of Pakistan's nuclear bomb, gave to the Iranians is you need a smaller number of these centrifuges to produce weapons grade uranium.

If it's smaller, Lex, it's easier to hide, right?

You can put it in...

clandestine facilities without this large enrichment centrifuge footprint.

So there's restrictions on these advanced centrifuge R&D.

And Iran gets significant sanctions relief as part of this.

But the whole assumption here

from both an Iranian and American perspective is these restrictions are going to sunset.

They're going to disappear over time.

In fact, 2025 is the year where some of the significant restrictions on Iran's capabilities begin to sunset.

And all of them are effectively gone by 2031.

So in 2031, Iran can emerge with an industrial size enrichment capability.