53 - ¿Por qué Europa tiene más alcoholismo que Latinoamérica? del libro Borracho de Edward Slingerland
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Si todos somos seres humanos, ¿por qué el alcohol nos afecta diferente a distintas personas en distintas partes del mundo? Aquí la explicación según el libro Borracho de Edward Singerland. Bienvenidos a este nuevo episodio del podcast de Bibliotequeando, les habla su anfitrión Ricardo Lugo, como siempre en las redes, arroba bibliotequeando, y como les he mencionado en el episodio pasado, vamos a tener un nuevo formato en este podcast, no solamente tendremos este tipo de episodios, que son como que versiones cortas de sucesos o eventos que pasaron en el libro, o explicaciones concretas, like this one of a book, but we are also going to have exclusive episodes for subscribers later on, it has not yet come out, but so that they go pending, we are going to have more books monthly, better content, books summarized in PDF, the opinion of talking to me in the episodes, etc.
That will come later, but so that everyone is aware. As for this book, what is remembered, this was our episode 14 in the podcast, where we summarized the history of alcoholism, the argument of Or let's say the only thing about this book is not so much that it tells the story of alcohol, many other books do that, but that Edward Slingerland analyzes civilization. Let's remember that we were nomads, we lived in civilization 12,000 years ago, and he realizes that there is certain evidence that points to the fact that perhaps alcohol gave us civilization, that alcohol was what brought us together. The first thing we really sowed was not wheat to eat, but probably for these parties, celebrations, rituals, we sowed barley to be able to create alcohol.
So the question that the author asks is that if we have been consuming alcohol for so long, why have we not been able to fight our main enemy of alcohol, which is alcoholism? Why is it that our body has not evolved to fight alcoholism? And even more interesting, why certain regions of the world, in this case Europe, have a higher rate of alcoholism than the rest of the world or than other regions specifically? So that's what we're going to analyze here in this episode. So the author explains to us why we drink alcohol. The first reason is evolutionary. Basically, we human beings, when we were still monkeys, primates, a more primitive version of the human being, we had a component that we still have, which is a variant called ADH4.
which is an enzyme, which is a defense line against alcohol, since it quickly decomposes alcohol, ethanol technically, in chemical substances that the body can use or easily eliminate. The reason why we evolved this variant was to be able to consume fruit, because the fruit falls from the trees and when it matures in the extreme, alcohol is generated, which is part of the fermentation and all this, but basically those alcohol molecules began to become a sign of high quality foods because they had a lot of calories. In fact, alcohol has a lot of calories, therefore the most primitive versions of the human being knew that something that had alcohol that was matured was good because a gram of alcohol has 7 calories compared for example with 4 calories of a gram of protein therefore consuming alcohol began to mean consuming calories
And the second evolutionary benefit is its disinfectant quality. Little by little we realized, for example, today it is still recommended that if you are going to eat sushi, sushi for real, not the one we eat now, fried banana with sushi, for real, when there is raw fish, it is recommended to drink alcohol with sushi.
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