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Bloomberg Talks

IEA Head Fatih Birol Talks EU’s Russia Gas Phase-Out

03 Dec 2025

Transcription

Transcript generated automatically by AI and may contain errors.

Chapter 1: What is the main topic discussed in this episode?

0.031 - 18.756 Michelle Hussein

Hello and welcome. This is The Michelle Hussein Show. I'm Michelle Hussein. I speak with people like Elon Musk. I think I've done enough. And Shonda Rhimes. That's so cute. This will be a place where every weekend you can count on one essential conversation to help make sense of the world.

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19.257 - 27.267 Michelle Hussein

So please join me, listen and subscribe to The Michelle Hussein Show from Bloomberg Weekend, wherever you get your podcasts.

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27.367 - 29.43 Matt Levine

You certainly ask interesting questions.

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32.87 - 53.974 Unknown

Bloomberg Audio Studios. Podcasts. Radio. News. Let's bring you more now, though, on that EU deal to phase out Russian gas. The agreement reached in the early hours of this morning. We'll see Europe end purchases of LNG and pipeline gas by September 2027. Joining us in our Brussels studio to discuss the head of the International Energy Agency, Patti Birrell. Good morning.

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54.014 - 61.122 Unknown

Great to see you in the studio. This has been a long road for the European Union. The war is three and a half years longer now.

61.102 - 86.4 Fatih Birol

how significant is this moment is this deal thank you i think it is a historical deal for europe because russia has been the number one energy supplier of europe over half a century since since 1970s and natural gas was the most important fuel here until recently

86.38 - 108.962 Fatih Birol

nearly about half of the natural gas consumption in europe came from russia so after the russia's invasion of ukraine and russia using natural gas as a weapon europe took this decision european countries it is historical and on one hand of course i congratulate the european countries but on the other hand

108.942 - 130.242 Fatih Birol

The market context we are in is also helping Europe, creating a room of manoeuvre such as huge amount of LNG, liquefied natural gas, coming to markets starting from 2026 through 2030. So there will be a lot of alternatives to Russian gas for European countries.

130.222 - 144.227 Unknown

Is there a risk, though, that European countries simply replicate the situation they had of an over-reliance on a single supplier by turning to other countries? We know that the United States has also talked about wanting Europe to buy a lot more LNG from them.

Chapter 2: What is the significance of the EU's deal to phase out Russian gas?

208.538 - 236.672 Fatih Birol

This is a key question for Russians. And first of all, they will lose a lot of money, lots of revenues. And it is not easy for gas, unlike oil, to go from one destination to another because a big chunk of the Russian gas came to Europe through pipelines, which were built years and years. And now Russia is trying to increase exports to China

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236.652 - 240.859 Fatih Birol

which is in fact a difficult undertaking for several reasons.

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241.62 - 257.665 Unknown

The EU Energy Commissioner also saying this morning that a proposal to ban imports of all Russian oil is going to be tabled at the beginning of next year as well. They're aiming to have that done by the end of 2027 too. How important would that be in this move away from Russian supplies?

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257.645 - 281.204 Fatih Birol

I think when we see the Russian energy imports, bulk of it is, as we discussed, is natural gas. There is oil and there is also uranium supply, nuclear supplies coming from Russia. I think to ban the oil from Russia is also very timely from a political perspective. But in addition to that, there is a huge amount of oil in the markets. There's a surplus of oil, oil production.

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281.584 - 304.678 Fatih Birol

So it wouldn't have a major impact on the oil prices if it is done in a gradual and in a careful way. So it wouldn't lead to price spikes, as many of us might be scared of. So I think it will be timely if Europe goes that way. It will, in turn, help Europe to reduce Russian energy export revenues.

304.861 - 319.005 Unknown

I'm wondering as well, because, of course, all of this is happening because of the ongoing war in Ukraine. How are you viewing the risks for Ukraine's energy system in this winter as Russia has been continuing attacks on their energy infrastructure as Ukraine has on Russian energy infrastructure?

319.137 - 345.97 Fatih Birol

We have been following the Ukrainian energy situation, especially when it comes to winter. And I would say that this is perhaps the most difficult winter of the Ukrainian energy sector because it is already very, very vulnerable. And we have seen that especially the electricity infrastructure and heating infrastructure is under huge strain.

346.471 - 352.367 Fatih Birol

And this will be the most challenging winter Ukraine has faced since the start of the war.

352.347 - 356.215 Unknown

Do you see the situation getting much worse as the temperatures continue to build?

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