Jean Dubuffet (1901–1985) was a French painter, sculptor, and writer who rejected traditional ideas of beauty and believed real creativity came from ordinary people rather than trained artists. After working in his family’s wine business for many years, he returned to art in his forties and developed a rough, raw style inspired by children’s drawings, graffiti, and the work of psychiatric patients. He coined the term Art Brut (“raw art”) to describe art made outside the established art world and became one of the most influential artists of the 20th century. His ideas challenged the art establishment and helped shape the development of outsider art, inspiring generations of artists to value originality over technical perfection.

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