Why isn’t Korea a nation of cynics after invasion, colonization, war, and dictatorships? In this final episode of the series, we look at how the Korean “we” (uri) turns memory into method: the default is still “try.” We explore two flavors of laughter—pungja (biting satire) and haehak (warm, in-group humor)—and how they help people process hardship without losing the group. From village talchum mask dances to Parasite and Squid Game, we trace a through-line of social critique that keeps uri intact while demanding change. We end with Daedong, the horizon of a just, caring society—and the modern clash with hyper-competition.Read the full article (with visuals and references):https://yoonjiwon.substack.com/p/uri-series-3Listen forWhy “try anyway” is a learned, social reflex in KoreaHow pungja and haehak work together (pressure valve + bonding)Why talchum is the living ancestor of modern satireThe Daedong ideal and today’s “Hell Joseon” tensionGlossary of Key Korean Terms (Romanization · Hangul · Meaning)Uri · 우리 — “we; our.” Also used before kinship/place words to mean “my/our” (e.g., uri eomma = “my mom”).Nakcheonseong · 낙천성 — Optimism; a buoyant outlook and tendency to expect good outcomes.Pungja · 풍자 — Satire; humor/irony/exaggeration used to critique power or social ills.Haehak · 해학 — Earthy, witty humor; often paired with satire to soften the landing.Daedong · 대동 — “Great unity”; communal togetherness and inclusive social harmony.Joseon · 조선 — Historical name of Korea (1392–1897); appears in North Korea’s official name and some diaspora contexts.Hell Joseon · 헬조선 — Contemporary slang critiquing harsh inequality, overwork, and low mobility in modern Korea. Get full access to Understanding Korea, One Story at a Time at yoonjiwon.substack.com/subscribe

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“What did the council decide on item 42?” — answered with the speaker and the moment.

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