Dr. Casey Means

And I don't think the dose on ginseng has been settled, but very high antioxidant component plant.

When we look at actually stimulating more GLP-1, you've talked about your Ramate, I think, having like a mild effect on GLP-1.

But there's actually a lot of other things in the literature.

Protein, of course, very potently stimulates these nutrient receptor cells.

And specifically like valine and glutamine seem to have a potent stimulatory effect on GLP-1.

So you're going to find that in like meat and turkey and eggs and things like that.

Antioxidants, lowering blood sugar, ginseng.

So those are kind of the L-cell ones.

The actual secretion of more GLP-1

one of the most potent ones, and the study that looks at this, like the bar graphs are very clearly statistically significant, lots of asterisks, is actually thylakoids.

Thylakoids are so fascinating.

Thylakoids are actually a structure in plants

that are part of the chloroplasts.

So, you know, chloroplasts, and this also is fasting because chloroplasts are basically the plant version of mitochondria, essentially.

And thylakoids are a molecule in the chloroplasts.

And there's actually been research that shows that when you eat about 100 grams of spinach, which gives you 5...

grams of straight thylakoid over 12 weeks daily, it led to a significant increase in GLP-1.

And again, I don't remember the exact... It was two or three-fold higher secretion.

So this is in part... So that's a direct stimulatory effect of the L-cells.

And so this equates to 3.5 ounces of spinach a day, which is like nothing.