Dr. Chris Palmer

You're going to want to hide in bed and pull the covers over you and just retreat from the world for safety. Those are all effects on your mood, your motivation, rewarding behaviors, all sorts of things. The inflammation, the infection is doing that to you. And we know that it's inflammation because this happens with cancer. It happens with treatments that cause inflammation.

You're going to want to hide in bed and pull the covers over you and just retreat from the world for safety. Those are all effects on your mood, your motivation, rewarding behaviors, all sorts of things. The inflammation, the infection is doing that to you. And we know that it's inflammation because this happens with cancer. It happens with treatments that cause inflammation.

You're going to want to hide in bed and pull the covers over you and just retreat from the world for safety. Those are all effects on your mood, your motivation, rewarding behaviors, all sorts of things. The inflammation, the infection is doing that to you. And we know that it's inflammation because this happens with cancer. It happens with treatments that cause inflammation.

If we give treatments that cause high levels of inflammation, people experience these symptoms acutely. If we give interferon, for example, which can be a treatment for some disorders, people will acutely develop all of these symptoms. So we know that interferon itself will produce all of these neuropsychiatric symptoms.

If we give treatments that cause high levels of inflammation, people experience these symptoms acutely. If we give interferon, for example, which can be a treatment for some disorders, people will acutely develop all of these symptoms. So we know that interferon itself will produce all of these neuropsychiatric symptoms.

If we give treatments that cause high levels of inflammation, people experience these symptoms acutely. If we give interferon, for example, which can be a treatment for some disorders, people will acutely develop all of these symptoms. So we know that interferon itself will produce all of these neuropsychiatric symptoms.

We also know from basic cell biology interferon interferes with mitochondrial function. We know that. It is unequivocal. Now let's go to autism. Is there any evidence that inflammation can lead to autism? We have decades of evidence for this. We know that over the course of the last century, as there were

We also know from basic cell biology interferon interferes with mitochondrial function. We know that. It is unequivocal. Now let's go to autism. Is there any evidence that inflammation can lead to autism? We have decades of evidence for this. We know that over the course of the last century, as there were

We also know from basic cell biology interferon interferes with mitochondrial function. We know that. It is unequivocal. Now let's go to autism. Is there any evidence that inflammation can lead to autism? We have decades of evidence for this. We know that over the course of the last century, as there were

kind of outbreaks of bacterial or viral infections in the population, we saw higher rates of neuropsychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring of the pregnant women. So we've long known that, and that evidence is pretty well established.

kind of outbreaks of bacterial or viral infections in the population, we saw higher rates of neuropsychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring of the pregnant women. So we've long known that, and that evidence is pretty well established.

kind of outbreaks of bacterial or viral infections in the population, we saw higher rates of neuropsychiatric neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring of the pregnant women. So we've long known that, and that evidence is pretty well established.

That's correct.

That's correct.

That's correct.

But then there was a rubella outbreak that resulted in much higher rates of autism in the offspring. I think that was in the 1960s. And now we have really decades of animal models. So they take mice and And they inject them with lipopolysaccharide, which causes an inflammatory reaction. And when they do this to pregnant mice, the mice that are born to those women, those female mice,

But then there was a rubella outbreak that resulted in much higher rates of autism in the offspring. I think that was in the 1960s. And now we have really decades of animal models. So they take mice and And they inject them with lipopolysaccharide, which causes an inflammatory reaction. And when they do this to pregnant mice, the mice that are born to those women, those female mice,

But then there was a rubella outbreak that resulted in much higher rates of autism in the offspring. I think that was in the 1960s. And now we have really decades of animal models. So they take mice and And they inject them with lipopolysaccharide, which causes an inflammatory reaction. And when they do this to pregnant mice, the mice that are born to those women, those female mice,

are at much higher risk for showing signs or symptoms of what looks like a neurodevelopmental disorder. It's different diagnosing or whatever a neurodevelopmental condition in a mouse. Is it 100%? No, it's just we increase the risk. So if you inject a pregnant mouse with lipopolysaccharide, Can that mouse still have a normal appearing mouse? Yes.

are at much higher risk for showing signs or symptoms of what looks like a neurodevelopmental disorder. It's different diagnosing or whatever a neurodevelopmental condition in a mouse. Is it 100%? No, it's just we increase the risk. So if you inject a pregnant mouse with lipopolysaccharide, Can that mouse still have a normal appearing mouse? Yes.