The Anatomy of Angry Online Comments

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The Last Show with David Cooper 9 min 3 speakers 4 chapters transcribed
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What is the main topic discussed in this episode?

David Cooper 0:02
Smart, sharp, and slightly unhinged. Late night's fresh perspective. The Last Show with David Cooper. On the internet, newspaper websites, when they introduced user comments, that promised a productive global conversation, right? Well, sometimes those comments feel like someone is throwing a chair in the first five seconds. They can get ugly. They can get angry. And it turns out the earliest people to comment on a thread might actually be the angriest. I'm here with someone who has researched just this. He is a communication studies professor at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden. His name is Ben Clark. Ben, welcome to the show.

How do early comments influence the tone of online discussions?

David Cooper 0:42
Thanks for having me. So you looked at a large number of online comments, some many, many millions. What what instincts did you have going in about what the angry, rude, hateful comments might be?
Ben Clarke 0:55
Yeah, absolutely. We looked at 38 million comments on The Guardian's website, The Guardian from the UK. We had an instinct, based on reading a lot of academic literature, that it might be the case that people who responded quickly in the comment sections, both to the news article overall and to the other comments that were presented in response to the article, that those ones might contain more of the hateful stuff. So we ran a big analysis of this, 38 million comments, including 1 million comments that The Guardian took away, the most hateful stuff, basically. What we found was, yes, statistically significantly, the comments that came earlier on, both in response to the news article overall and in response to other commenters, was more likely to be hateful, basically.
Ben Clarke 1:48
So quicker comments, greater increased risk of hateful content being there.
David Cooper 1:53
Did that surprise you, that the first few comments that showed up were in fact the most angry, the most hateful?
Ben Clarke 1:58
I suppose not. So we have this hypothesis going in that it might be like this, based on quite a diverse literature. There are some things in the psychology literature which would suggest that when we see red, we might need to curb our tongue or bite our tongue so that we don't come out with like... the worst stuff which might pop up to our mind when we're angry or when we meet a particularly disagreeable comment. So we have this hypothesis it might be like this. And I mean, kind of in our common language, right, we talk about the fact that you should hold your breath, take a deep breath, count to 10, all these kind of things, which reflect that, you know, often when we face for something we disagree with strongly, what might happen if we respond quickly is perhaps not the most productive thing we could come out with.
David Cooper 2:45
Now, can the first comment being hateful, can that be sort of a tone setter for the entire conversation that goes on after that? Is that like me showing up to a dinner party, saying something hateful, angry, and then the whole night the conversation becomes that?
Ben Clarke 2:58
Somewhat, yeah. So this was another thing that we tested for in our analysis, and we found what was called like an incivility contagion effect. So if one of the comment threads contains something hateful, it increases the chance that further comments will be hateful. And the more that that happens, like the increased risk that more hateful comments will come in the same thread, and time is still a factor. So when that happens, increasingly so, the comments come quicker and quicker and quicker.
David Cooper 3:26
I'm kind of fascinated, but also kind of horrified by this idea that hate can travel faster than calm, reflective commenting. Is that a technology problem? Is that a psychology problem? Is that wrong with us? Like, is this human?
Ben Clarke 3:40
It is human, I think. So one thing that I should probably stress about the analysis is there were a lot of different commenters who were doing this, right?

What insights did Ben Clark gain from analyzing millions of comments?

Ben Clarke 3:48
So there's a lot of people who are commenting quickly and coming out with pretty bad stuff, we have to assume. It's the stuff that The Guardian got rid of. And it wasn't just a few users. There were tens of thousands of users who were doing this. So we think it is a bit about the human psychology, right?

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