Earthly Machine Learning
Episodes
Differentiable and accelerated spherical harmonic and Wigner transforms
19 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Differentiable and accelerated spherical harmonic and Wigner transformsMatthew A. Price, Jason D. McEwen*Journal of Computational Physics (2024)** Thi...
Score-based diffusion nowcasting of GOES imagery
11 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Score-based diffusion nowcasting of GOES imagery*Randy J. Chase, Katherine Haynes, Lander Ver Hoef, Imme Ebert-Uphoff, a Cooperative Institute for Res...
FuXi-Ocean: A Global Ocean Forecasting System with Sub-Daily Resolution
04 Dec 2025
Contributed by Lukas
FuXi-Ocean: A Global Ocean Forecasting System with Sub-Daily Resolution*Qiusheng Huang, Yuan Niu, Xiaohui Zhong, Anboyu Guo, Lei Chen, Dianjun Zhang, ...
Beyond the Training Data: Confidence-Guided Mixing of Parameterizations in a Hybrid AI-Climate Model
28 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Beyond the Training Data: Confidence-Guided Mixing of Parameterizations in a Hybrid AI-Climate Model*By Helge Heuer, Tom Beucler, Mierk Schwabe, Julie...
Climate in a Bottle: Towards a Generative Foundation Model for the Kilometer-Scale Global Atmosphere
23 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Climate in a Bottle: Towards a Generative Foundation Model for the Kilometer-Scale Global Atmosphere(By Noah D. Brenowitz, Tao Ge, Akshay Subramaniam,...
Probabilistic Measures for Fair AI and NWP Model Comparison
07 Nov 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Probabilistic measures afford fair comparisons of AIWP and NWP model output (Tilmann Gneiting, Tobias Biegert, Kristof Kraus, Eva-Maria Walz, Alexand...
Jigsaw: Training Multi-Billion-Parameter AI Weather Models With Optimized Model Parallelism
24 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Jigsaw: Training Multi-Billion-Parameter AI Weather Models With Optimized Model ParallelismAuthors: Deifilia Kieckhefen, Markus Götz, Lars H. Heyen, ...
XiChen: An observation-scalable fully AI-driven global weather forecasting system with 4D variational knowledge
18 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
XiChen: An observation-scalable fully AI-driven global weather forecasting system with 4D variational knowledgeAuthors: Wuxin Wang, Weicheng Ni, Lilan...
FuXi Weather : A data-to-forecast machine learning system for global weather
03 Oct 2025
Contributed by Lukas
A data-to-forecast machine learning system for global weather Xiuyu Sun et al. (2025). A data-to-forecast machine learning system for global weather. ...
Probabilistic Emulation of a Global Climate Model with Spherical DYffusion
25 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Probabilistic Emulation of a Global Climate Model with Spherical DYffusion Salva Rühling Cachay, Brian Henn, Oliver Watt-Meyer, Christopher S. Brethe...
FourCastNet 3: A geometric approach to probabilistic machine-learning weather forecasting at scale
16 Sep 2025
Contributed by Lukas
FourCastNet 3: A geometric approach to probabilistic machine-learning weather forecasting at scale Boris Bonev, Thorsten Kurth, Ankur Mahesh, Mauro Bi...
Can AI weather models predict out-of-distribution gray swan tropical cyclones?
16 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Can AI weather models predict out-of-distribution gray swan tropical cyclones?by Y. Qiang Sun, Pedram Hassanzadeh, Mohsen Zand, Ashesh Chattopadhyay, ...
Probabilistic Emulation of a Global Climate Model with Spherical DYffusion
09 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Probabilistic Emulation of a Global Climate Model with Spherical DYffusionby Salva Rühling Cachay, Brian Henn, Oliver Watt-Meyer, Christopher S. Bret...
Do AI models produce better weather forecasts than physics-based models? A quantitative evaluation case study of Storm Ciarán
03 Aug 2025
Contributed by Lukas
"Do AI models produce better weather forecasts than physics-based models? A quantitative evaluation case study of Storm Ciarán" By Andrew J...
Early Warning of Complex Climate Risk with Integrated Artificial Intelligence
04 Jul 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🧠 Abstract:Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of disasters, demanding more effective Early Warning Systems (EWS). While curren...
On Some Limitations of Current Machine Learning Weather Prediction Models
27 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🧠 Abstract:Machine Learning (ML) is increasingly influential in weather and climate prediction. Recent advances have led to fully data-driven ML mo...
Artificial intelligence for modeling and understanding extreme weather and climate events
15 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🌍 Abstract:Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming Earth system science, especially in modeling and understanding extreme weather and climate ...
Fixing the Double Penalty in Data-Driven Weather Forecasting Through a Modified Spherical Harmonic Loss Function
08 Jun 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Abstract:Recent progress in data-driven weather forecasting has surpassed traditional physics-based systems. Yet, the common use of mean squar...
Climate-invariant machine learning
09 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🌍 Abstract:Projecting climate change is a generalization problem: we extrapolate the recent past using physical models across past, present, and fu...
ClimaX: A foundation model for weather and climate
02 May 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Episode 25: ClimaX: A foundation model for weather and climateDOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.10343🌀 Abstract:Most cutting-edge ap...
AI-empowered Next-Generation Multiscale Climate Modelling for Mitigation and Adaptation
25 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Episode 24: AI-empowered Next-Generation Multiscale Climate Modelling for Mitigation and Adaptation🔗 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-02...
FourCastNet – Accelerating Global High-Resolution Weather Forecasting Using Adaptive Fourier Neural Operators
18 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Episode 23: FourCastNet – Accelerating Global High-Resolution Weather Forecasting Using Adaptive Fourier Neural Operators🔗 DOI: https://d...
Knowledge-guided machine learning can improve carbon cycle quantification in agroecosystems
11 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Episode 22: Knowledge-guided machine learning can improve carbon cycle quantification in agroecosystems🔗 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s4146...
AtmoRep: A stochastic model of atmosphere dynamics using large scale representation learning
04 Apr 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Episode 21 — AtmoRep: A Stochastic Model of Atmospheric Dynamics Using Large-Scale Representation LearningThis week, we explore AtmoRep, a n...
Finding the Right XAI Method—A Guide for the Evaluation and Ranking of Explainable AI Methods in Climate Science
27 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Episode 20: Finding the Right XAI Method—Evaluating Explainable AI in Climate Science🔗 DOI: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.00652🧩...
Pangu-Weather — Accurate medium-range global weather forecasting with 3D neural networks
21 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎧 Abstract:Weather forecasting is essential for both science and society. This episode explores a breakthrough in medium-range global weather forec...
GRAPHDOP — Towards Skillful Data-Driven Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
14 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎧 Abstract:In this episode, we dive into GraphDOP, a novel data-driven forecasting system developed by ECMWF. Unlike traditional models, GraphDOP l...
DiffDA — A Diffusion Model for Weather-Scale Data Assimilation
07 Mar 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎧 Abstract:In this episode, we explore DiffDA, a novel data assimilation approach for weather forecasting and climate modeling. Built on the founda...
ARCHESWEATHER — An Efficient AI Weather Forecasting Model at 1.5º Resolution
28 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🎙️ Abstract:Embedding physical constraints as inductive priors is key in AI weather forecasting models. Locality—a common prior—relies on loc...
Advances in Land Surface Model-Based Forecasting
21 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
🌍 Abstract:Surface-level weather is what matters most to the public—but it's also where feedback loops and complex interactions dominate. Lan...
ACE2 - Accurately learning subseasonal to decadal atmospheric variability and forced responses
14 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
DOI:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.11268Abstract:Existing machine learning models of weather variability are not formulated to enable assessment ...
AURORA — A Foundation Model of the Atmosphere
07 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
DOI:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.13063 Abstract:Reliable forecasts of the Earth system are crucial for human progress and safety from natural d...
ACE - A Fast, Skillful Learned Global Atmospheric Model for Climate Prediction
03 Feb 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Existing ML-based atmospheric models are not suitable for climate prediction, which requires long-term stability and physical consistency. ...
WeatherBench 2 - A benchmark for the next generation of data-driven global weather models
29 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
DOI:https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.15560Abstract: WeatherBench 2 is an update to the global, medium-range (1-14 day) weather forecasting benchmar...
FuXi-ENS - A machine learning model for medium-range ensemble weather forecasting
28 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Ensemble forecasting is crucial for improving weather predictions, especially for forecasts of extreme events. Constructing an ensemble pre...
SFNO - Spherical Fourier Neural Operators: Learning Stable Dynamics on the Sphere
23 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract : Fourier Neural Operators (FNOs) have proven to be an efficient and effective method for resolution-independent operator learning in a broad...
Identifying and Categorizing Bias in AI/ML for Earth Sciences
20 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to improve performance across a wide range of Earth system prediction tasks. As with any applicatio...
Aardvark weather- end-to-end data-driven weather forecasting
16 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Weather forecasting is critical for a range of human activities including transportation, agriculture, industry, as well as the safety of th...
Prithvi WxC- Foundation Model for Weather and Climate
14 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Triggered by the realization that AI emulators can rival the performance of traditional numerical weather prediction models running on HPC s...
NeuralGCM - Neural general circulation models for weather and climate
13 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: General circulation models (GCMs) are the foundation of weather and climate prediction1,2. GCMs are physics-based simulators that combine a ...
Deep learning for predicting rate-induced tipping
12 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Nonlinear dynamical systems exposed to changing forcing values can exhibit catastrophic transitions between distinct states. The phenomenon ...
AIFS - ECMWF's data-driven forecasting system
11 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract: Machine learning-based weather forecasting models have quickly emerged as a promising methodology for accurate medium-range global weather f...
Robustness of AI-based weather forecasts in a changing climate
07 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract : Data-driven machine learning models for weather forecasting have made transformational progress in the last 1-2 years, with state-of-the-ar...
GenCast - Probabilistic weather forecasting with machine learning
02 Jan 2025
Contributed by Lukas
Abstract : Weather forecasts are fundamentally uncertain, so predicting the range of probable weather scenarios is crucial for important decisions, fr...