The Ancients

Ancient Americas: Debunking The Maya Apocalypse

07 Aug 2022

Contributed by Lukas

One of the most famous, and sophisticated, cultures of Mesoamerica, why are the Maya known only for predicting the end of the world?In the first episo...

Hannibal vs Rome: Hannibal's Greatest Victory

04 Aug 2022

Contributed by Lukas

One of the most studied military victories in history, and arguably one of the worst Roman defeats - what went wrong for the Romans at Cannae?In our f...

Hannibal vs Rome: The Road to Cannae

31 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

One of the greatest military commanders in history - it's no wonder Hannibal and Rome so frequently fought.In the second episode of our Hannibal mini-...

Yorkshire's Roman Mystery: The Ryedale Hoard

28 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In May 2020, four unique Roman artefacts were unearthed near Ampleforth, North Yorkshire by two amateur metal detectorists. A bronze bust that is thou...

Hannibal vs Rome: Terror at Trasimene

24 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Towards the beginning of the Second Punic War on 21 June 217 BC, a Carthaginian force under Hannibal launched a vicious ambush on a Roman army command...

The Origins of Rome

21 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Known as the Eternal City, ancient Rome was one of the greatest civilisations in human history, but how did it come about?With a turbulent history of ...

The Sumerians

17 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Despite being one of the first civilisations in human history, Sumer is not as well-known as other Bronze Age societies such as Babylonia and, of cour...

The Rise of Cleopatra

14 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Famed across the ages and around the world - everyone knows the name Cleopatra. But how did she become one of the most infamous women in history?Born ...

Rise of Rome: The Fall of the Samnites

10 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In the final part of our Samnite Wars episodes, Tristan is once again joined by Dr Kathryn Lomas from Durham University to find out more about these c...

Rise of Rome: The First Samnite War

07 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In this first episode of a two-parter on the Samnite Wars, we focus in on one of Rome’s greatest rivals in early Italy. Based in modern day Campania...

Prehistoric Rock Art of Atlantic Europe

03 Jul 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Dozens of incredible examples of prehistoric rock art have been found across western Europe in recent decades - but what do they mean?Artworks can be ...

Sparta and the Nazis

30 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Ancient Sparta was co-opted by the Nazis as a supposed model civilisation for the Third Reich’s twisted racial and martial ideologies.German childre...

The First Americans

26 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Modern humans thrived in the Americas for thousands of years before the first European colonists arrived, but how and when did they get there?What's m...

The Rise of Mammals

23 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

They survived extinction level events and record high global temperatures - how did mammals adapt and thrive in a dramatically changing world? In toda...

The Image of God

19 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Often pictured with a flowing white beard, looking down from Heaven - why is God always seen as an old man? In today's episode, Professor Francesca St...

Mermaids

16 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The central Mediterranean is home to a bounty of creatures - fish, dolphins, and... mermaids? In today's episode Dr Amelia Brown returns to the podcas...

The Death of Alexander the Great: Explained

12 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Alexander the Great’s untimely death at Babylon in 323 BC triggered an unprecedented crisis across his continent-spanning empire.Within a couple of ...

The Origins of Clothing

09 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Clothing has been essential for human evolution. From protection against changing climate, through to the driving force behind technological innovatio...

Roman Treasures of Iron Age Scotland

05 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In 1919, excavators working near Edinburgh in Scotland unearthed the largest hoard of Roman hacksilver ever found. The trove, containing mostly silver...

Boudica

02 Jun 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Boudica has become a hero of British folklore. An ancient queen, her leadership of the Iceni in an uprising against the forces of the Roman Empire in ...

Saint Brigid: Turning Bathwater into Beer

29 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Saint Patrick is a household name, celebrated around the globe every March. But what do we know about another of Ireland’s patron saints, Brigid?In ...

Greeks vs Romans: Empires at War

26 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Greece and Rome, they are the heavyweights of ancient history. But what happened when they came face to face with one another? Tristan is once again j...

Iron Age Wales: Before the Romans

22 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The residents of Britain during the Iron Age are often collectively called 'Celts'. However, both before and during the Roman occupation, this term is...

Homer

19 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The Iliad and the Odyssey are two of the world’s most famous poems. But who was their author, Homer, and how have his name and poems survived so lon...

The Origins of Homo Sapiens

15 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

What do we know about the earliest hominins to exist? With a story spanning one million years and counting, we're discovering more about how we came t...

The Birth of Physiology

12 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The treatment of mental health has been rapidly growing and improving over the past few decades, but it actually goes back thousands of years.Whether ...

Pandora

08 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

According to Greek myth, Pandora was the first human woman - moulded from the earth by Hephaestus on the instruction of Zeus himself.We've all heard o...

The World of Stonehenge

05 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Described as the "most important piece of prehistoric art to be found in Britain in the last 100 years", an elaborately decorated 5000 year-old chalk ...

The Christian Destruction of the Classical World

01 May 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The rise of Christianity in the first few centuries AD is one of the most significant stories in world history. But it’s also an incredibly turbulen...

An Ancient Guide to Healthy Living

28 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Poetry, parables, and produce - how did someone live a healthy life in the ancient Greco-Roman world? Tristan is joined by author Mark Usher to talk a...

Saint George

24 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The 23rd of April marks Saint George's Day - but who are we actually celebrating? Is there any truth behind the myth of the man who slew the dragon an...

Food in the Greco-Roman World

21 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

When we think of the modern Mediterranean, delicious and vibrant food is one of the first things that come to mind. But how much has the regional food...

Mary Magdalene

17 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Who was Mary Magdalene? Jesus' confidant, a devout follower, or a sex worker?In this Easter special, Tristan is joined by Professors Helen Bond and Jo...

Weapons of the Terracotta Army

14 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

When someone says the Terracotta Army, you’d be forgiven for instantly thinking of rows upon rows of life size warriors, arranged in three pits as p...

The Rise of Marius: Third Founder of Rome

10 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Gaius Marius (157 BC – 86 BC) was one of the first warlords of the late Roman Republic, a general and statesman who held the office of consul a...

Before Rome: The Truth About Late Iron Age Britain

07 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Roman connections with Britain stretch back to (at least) the mid 1st century BC. But what has archaeology revealed about the Late Iron Age British so...

The Symposium: How To Party Like An Ancient Greek

03 Apr 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In Ancient Greece, the symposium was no ordinary after-dinner drinking party, but one in which the Hellenic men of society got together to wine, recli...

Dogs in Ancient Greece

31 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Man's best friend has been at our side for thousands of years. Ancient Greece was no exception, and although some of the types of dog that were popula...

The Legacy of Julius Caesar's Assassination

27 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

The legacies of the Ides of March stretch from that very afternoon on March 14th 44BC to the modern day. From Roman times to the Medieval period, from...

The Rise of the Dinosaurs

24 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Dinosaurs! Spectacular resilient beings who were able to adapt and survive the most terrifying of events. Evolving from a group of mostly humble-sized...

Young Caesar vs Marc Antony

20 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

What happened after the Ides of March? How did the Romans go from co-ordinated assassinations to the Pax Romana? From Tyranny to prosperity? In this t...

Saint Patrick

17 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Man, myth or legend... who was the real Saint Patrick? Did he really banish all the snakes from Ireland? Where does the shamrock tradition come from? ...

The Rise and Fall of Brutus

13 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Marcus Junius Brutus is best known as one of the conspirators against Julius Caesar, but there's so much more to his complex story. In today's episode...

Helen of Troy

10 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Helen of Troy, the face that launched a thousand ships - but is there more to her than a beautiful face? To mark Women's History Month, Tristan is joi...

The Assassination of Julius Caesar: Explained

06 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

March 15th 44BC is perhaps the most notorious date in all of ancient history. On that fateful day, the Ides of March, 55-year-old Roman dictator Gaius...

The Origins of Ukraine

03 Mar 2022

Contributed by Lukas

It's not often we cover current affairs on The Ancients (the clue is in the name), but in light of Putin’s claims that Ukraine was “entirely creat...

Sappho: The Poet from Lesbos

27 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Famous throughout antiquity, yet retold only in fragments today - who is Sappho? Her poetry inspired generations, from Catullus to Byron, so how ...

The Terracotta Army

24 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Discovered by local farmers in 1974, the Terracotta Army is one of the most astounding archaeological finds on record. A piece of funerary art, dedica...

Eureka! Innovation in Ancient Greece

20 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

It's often thought that the ancient Greeks were devout in tradition, strict in their ways and beliefs. But how true is this? When it comes to creative...

The First Australians

17 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Indigenous Australians have lived on the vast continent of Australia for thousands of years - but how have they survived isolation, extreme conditions...

The Truth About Saint Valentine

13 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

St. Valentine of Rome, patron saint of beekeepers and epilepsy, among many other things. But who exactly is the real St Valentine, and how has the sto...

The Largest Roman Palace North of the Alps

10 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Fishbourne Roman Palace in West Sussex was first constructed just three decades after the empire’s legions conquered Britain in the first century AD...

The Origins of London

06 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

London is today one of the greatest cities in the world, and the story of its origins is fittingly spectacular. Founded by the Romans as Londinium in ...

The Phoenician World

03 Feb 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Imagine you are a traveller sailing to the major cities around the Mediterranean in 750 BC. You would notice a remarkable similarity in the dress, alp...

Alexander's Successors at War: The Spartan Adventurer

30 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

It’s here! Today is the publication date of Tristan’s first book, Alexander’s Successors at War: The Perdiccas Years. Focussing in on 323 –...

The Scholars of Assyria

27 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Tens of thousands of clay tablets containing texts written in the ancient Cuneiform script of the Assyrian Empire have been discovered, giving us inva...

Alexander the Great & The Persian Thermopylae (Part Two)

23 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In this second part of Tristan’s explainer, he takes us right into the heart of the battle dubbed the Persian Thermopylae. Listen as Alexander begin...

Alexander the Great & The Persian Thermopylae (Part One)

20 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

In January 330 BC, Alexander the Great faced one of his most difficult challenges to date. A small Persian force, entrenched in a formidable defensive...

The Birth of the Roman Empire

16 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

16 January 27 BC is a date sometimes associated with the beginning of the Roman Empire. It was on that day that Octavian received the name Augustus, e...

The Seleucid Empire: In the Shadow of Rome

13 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

At its height, the Seleucid Empire stretched from Thrace (modern day Bulgaria) to the Indus River Valley. Emerging from the tumultuous ‘Successor Wa...

Spinning in the Roman World

09 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

Spinning held an important place in ancient society, and no, we're not talking about ancient exercise classes. A task for women and slaves, it was use...

Cannibalism

06 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

It’s a macabre topic to discuss, but also one that has fascinated people for generations. So what has archaeology revealed about cannibalism among p...

Alexander The Great vs Julius Caesar

02 Jan 2022

Contributed by Lukas

They’ve both been described as the greatest military commander in the ancient world, but who really takes the title (if either of them)? Alexander, ...

How Julius Caesar Changed Time

30 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

We’re finishing off 2021 with what is perhaps Julius Caesar’s greatest legacy. It’s not a military victory or battle, but one of the many politi...

Race & Identity in the Ancient Greek Novel

26 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

For the first 4 centuries AD/CE, the ancient Greek novel was the most popular literary form in the Roman Empire and at the heart of these popular text...

Hannibal's Winter War

23 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

It’s fair to say that winter battles weren’t commonplace in the ancient Mediterranean world. There is, however, one striking exception. A clash th...

King Herod

19 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Thanks largely to his feature in the Gospel of Matthew, King Herod ‘the Great’ of Judaea is one of the most infamous figures from the whole of his...

How to Party Like a Roman

16 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Contrary to popular belief, parties in Ancient Rome were not all depraved wine-fuelled orgies. In fact, Roman get-togethers were relatively tame by th...

Songlines: Australia's Book of Genesis

12 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

What the Book of Genesis is to the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament, songlines are to Indigenous Australians. Epic tales of desire, pursui...

Homosexuality & Ancient Greece

09 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Frederick the Great, Marie Antoinette and Oscar Wilde. Each of them have talked about, or been talked about in terms of, Ancient Greek ideas of homose...

The Bronze Age Burials at Stonehenge

05 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Today we’re talking all about science, Stonehenge and what we know about a massive migration into Britain at the start of the Bronze Age some 4,500 ...

The Origins of Life on Earth

02 Dec 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Today we’re going back to the beginning – no Romans, Celts, Egyptians or Macedonians in sight. We’re going much further back, covering billions ...

Vindolanda's 2021 Excavation

28 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Situated roughly one mile south of Hadrian’s Wall is one of the great jewels of Roman and early medieval archaeology: Vindolanda. Over the past 50 y...

Menka: Village of the Breadfruit Goddess

25 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

It is one of the most remote ancient sites in the world. Situated on the isolated Micronesian island of Kosrae are the ruins of an ancient religious c...

Caracalla's Macedonian Phalanx

21 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Alexander the Great and Caracalla. One often considered among the most successful military commanders of all time, the other, one of the worst emperor...

The Legacy of the Minoans

18 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Minoan Crete has kept people captivated for millennia, appearing in countless modern cultural practices till this very day. But who are the Minoans? I...

The Rise of the Praetorian Guard

14 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

From Gladiator to Rome Total War to I, Claudius, today the Cohortēs praetōriae are one of the most distinctive military units of Imperial Rome. It w...

Ancient Globalisation? Life and Death at Ai Khanum

11 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

For decades the discovery of Ai Khanum, ‘the City of Lady Moon’, in Eastern Afghanistan has fascinated archaeologists and historians alike: from i...

The First Astronomers

07 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

For thousands of years indigenous Australians, the longest living culture on Earth, have been fascinated by the stars. In this episode, Gamilaraay man...

Glasgow's Roman Remains & Hadrian's Wall

04 Nov 2021

Contributed by Lukas

To align with the COP26 conference in Glasgow, this episode features legendary Roman Britain archaeologist Dr David Breeze talking about his many year...

The Truth About the Roman Orgy (And More!)

31 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Was Ancient Rome truly as sexually liberated as we think? How did the Greeks feel about nude statues? And how did these ideas vary across the Ancient ...

The End of the Severan Dynasty

28 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Following two assassinations and two executions, the title of Roman Emperor fell to Alexander Severus. He was one of the youngest to ever hold this ti...

Mavia: Arabia's Warrior Queen

24 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

To fight against the Roman empire and then make an alliance with them took a certain courage and tenacity. In this episode we are introduced to Mavia,...

Ancient Kazakhstan: Gold of the Great Steppe

21 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Gold and horses! 2,500 years ago, in the area of the Great Steppe that is now Eastern Kazakhstan, an extraordinary ancient Scythian culture reigned su...

Caracalla: The Common Enemy of Mankind?

17 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Often up there in the upper echelons of most articles listing Rome's worst emperors, it's fair to say that history has not been kind to Caracalla...

Ai Khanum: A Greek City in Afghanistan?

14 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

A theatre, a gymnasium and houses with colonnaded courtyards: these are the hallmarks of an Ancient Greek city. So what are they doing in the cit...

Alexander the Great's Greatest Victory

10 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

In October 331 BC, one of the most important battles of world history occurred on the plain of Gaugamela. Alexander III of Macedon, better known as Al...

Nefertiti

07 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Very few figures in history are recognizable from their silhouettes, but included in this small group is Nefertiti, one of the most famous queens of A...

The Lost Tomb of Alexander the Great

03 Oct 2021

Contributed by Lukas

In his lifetime King Alexander III of Macedon, better known as Alexander the Great, forged one of the largest empires in ancient history. But it was w...

The Oldest Human Footprints in North America

30 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

This week our understanding of when humans first inhabited the North American continent has been turned on its head … by a set of c.22,000 year old ...

Roman Weapons

26 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Legendary leaders and notorious battles, we imagine the sound of clinking armour. But what did the Romans take with them into battle? In the second of...

Werewolves and Strix-Witches

23 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

It’s werewolf time on the Ancients! In this episode Exeter University’s Professor Daniel Ogden highlights how these mythical creatures have their ...

Fortress Cilicia: Megastructures in the Near East

21 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

In the aftermath of Alexander the Great’s death, his empire became the subject of a series of titanic clashes: the Wars of the Successors. In this e...

Clodius: Best Villain of the Roman Republic?

19 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Historian and author Dr. Emma Southon returns to the Ancients to shine a light on the life - and murder - of Publius Claudius Pulcher (aka Clodius), a...

Maya Warfare and Sacrifice

16 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

With a history stretching back thousands of years, it’s about time that the Ancients started looking at the extraordinary Maya civilisation in Centr...

The Origins of Civilisation

12 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

The world is constantly changing, and so has the perception of civilisation, but what exactly are the origins of this concept? Helping us answer ...

Sex in Ancient Rome

09 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

We’ve covered bloody battles, we’ve covered stunning cities, we’ve covered civilisations far away from the ancient Mediterranean. But in some 12...

Romans vs Caledonians: The Battle of Mons Graupius

05 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

In 83/84 AD a battle was fought somewhere in Scotland between the Roman forces of Gnaeus Julius Agricola and the 'Caledonians' – the great climax to...

Roman Camps in Britain

02 Sep 2021

Contributed by Lukas

When one mentions Roman military installations you would be forgiven for instantly thinking of their forts, the remains of which we can see today dott...

Nan Madol: Venice of the Pacific

29 Aug 2021

Contributed by Lukas

Nan Madol. It is one of the most awesome, enigmatic and unique ancient sites in the World, and yet most people have never heard the name. Labelled the...